States of Matter
Dissolving
Separating Mixtures
Acids and Bases
Fuels and Climate Change
100
Which of the phase changes describes particles slowing down as they lose heat energy, getting closer together to form a liquid?
Condensation (condensering)
100
When you dissolve sugar in water, you create a mixture.
In this mixture, the sugar is called the _____(a)_____, the water is the ____(b)____ and the mixture is the _____(c)_____.
(a) solute (b) solvent (c) solution
100
What separation method separates dye or ink mixtures?
chromotography
100
What does the pH scale measure?
How acidic or basic a substance is.
(Or how strong an acid or a base is.)
Advanced: it measures the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.
100
What cycle is this picture showing?
the carbon cycle
200
Give 3 words that describe how particles in a solid are arranged and how they move.
Any of the following:
They are arranged regularly, close together, lined up, neatly, they jiggle, shake, vibrate, they are joined, touching.
200
Why can you not remove nail polish with water?
Because nail polish is not soluble in water. (You can not dissolve nail polish with water, only acetone.)
200
What separation method would best give you fresh drinking water from salt water?
distillation
(It uses evaporation to separate the water from the salt by turning the water into vapor, then condensation to turn the vapor into fresh drinking water.)
200
Baking soda is an example of a strong/weak base/acid.
weak base
200
What is the scientific difference between the words to the left and the words to the right of the pole?
The ones pointing left show renewable (förnybar) energy.
The ones pointing right show non-renewable (icke förnybar) energy.
300
When you heat particles, they move __________.
faster or quicker.
300
To make sugar dissolve quickly in tea, what three things can you do to speed up the process?
1) heat it up
2) stir it
3) use finer sugar
300
What separation method did we use to make red cabbage juice in the science lab?
filtration
300
What does this hazard symbol mean?
Corrosive (frätande)
Corrosive substances will eat away most things on which it is spilled. Watch out in chemistry lab: you could destroy your papers, desk, your clothes or worse, your own skin by spilling something corrosive on it.
300
What is the biggest source of electricity in Sweden?
Hydropower (vattenkraft)
400
What is the opposite of condensing?
Write the answer on your board and be prepared to tell an example of this phase change.
Evaporating
For example, when your hair is wet after you shower, it eventually dries because the water evaporates into the air.
400
Give an example of a type of ink that is not soluble in water.
whiteboard pen or dry-erase marker
permanent marker
400
Why is the yellow color highest up on the paper?
Because it's most soluble.
400
Look at the colors and pH numbers. What type of indicator was used for this pH test?
Red cabbage juice
400
We burn large amounts of fuels such as coal, oil and gas which release carbon dioxide into the air. Carbon dioxide stops some of the heat energy from the Earth escaping, and the Earth stays warm. This is called the ______________________.
greenhouse effect (växthuseffekt)
500
Compared to most solids and liquids, gases are not very _______. This means that they have a few particles in a small volume.
(Think of the relationship between mass and volume.)
dense
500
What is a solution called when you can no longer dissolve any more solute into it and the solute sinks to the bottom instead of dissolving?
a saturated solution (en mättad lösning)
500
What is the best way to separate a mixture of tiny pieces of iron, sand and salt so that you can just get the salt?
Remove the iron with a magnet. Mix the sand and salt with water. Filter the sand out using a funnel, leaving just salt water in a beaker. Let the water evaporate by heating the solution, then you will eventually just have salt left.
500
What is a cause and effect of acid rain?
Cause: Air pollution from cars and coal-burning factories is acidic and this spreads through the atmosphere and makes water vapor in clouds acidic.
Effect: Acid rain makes lakes and other aquatic environments toxic to marine life. It also damages forests and plants, as well as physical structures like buildings and cars. When it takes the form of heavy fog, it can cause health problems like eye irritation and asthma.
500
You will find this symbol on flammable materials. What is the science word that means burning of flammable materials?
combustion (förbränning)