Embryonic Processes
Fuse with nasomedian process – form upper lip, alveolus (holds teeth in place) and anterior of hard palate
What are 2 maxillary processes?
Genetic disorders
Cleft palate associated with >300 syndromes
Chromosome problems
Trisomy 13 – 3rd #13 chromosome
Harmful agents or teratogens
Drugs, alcohol, x-rays, nicotine, caffeine
Mechanical problems
What are some etiologies?
Mourning process when child has disability
Initial shock from infant’s appearance
Social worker usually monitors this area
Grows downward – separates into 2 tissue masses on both sides of face (nasomedian and lateral nasal)
What is the Frontonasal Process?
Feeding
Dental
Middle ear
Speech and language
Resonance disorders
What are some associated problems with cleft lip/palate?
Children with cleft palate often have low self-esteem
Girls more than boys
What are social emotional issues with child?
Grow toward one another; fuse at midline
What are right and left mandibular processes (cheekbones and upper lip)?
High incidence of hearing loss
58% middle ear disorders -
failure of muscles to open Eustachian tube and drain middle ear
results in mild conductive loss
negative effects on speech and language development
What are hearing issues associated with cleft lip and palate?
Parents
Pediatrician
Surgeon
Otolaryngologist
Prosthodontist
Dentist
Who are professionals on a Cleft Palate Team?
Grow downward from the maxillary processes
Fuse together
What are the Palatal Shelves?
6-18 months
Age depends on surgeon
Close the cleft
Closure between oral and nasal cavities
When/ what occurs during primary surgery?
Social Worker
Geneticist
Speech/language pathologist
Audiologist
Who are more professionals on a Cleft Palate team?
Corrects velopharyngeal incompetence (VPI)
Hypernasal resonance
About 25% need secondary surgery
Ex. Pharyngeal flap
What occurs during secondary surgery?