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describe black or white thinking
thinking in polar opposites - not finding middle ground - allows for no shades of grey
thinking someone got in a car accident because they're 10 minutes late
holding yourself responsible for an outcome that was not completely in your control
self-blaming
what is a cognitive distortion?
errors in thoughts
what is black or white thinking also called?
all or nothing
give an example of judging
They should have done it differently
"what if I fall on my face" is an example of what?
catastrophizing or forecasting
exaggerating
assuming someone is mad at your because they didn't text you back is an example of what?
mindreading / catastrophizing / overestimating the threat
"I'm a failure" is an example of what?
labeling
what is another name for forecasting?
what if thinking
share a positive affirmation
I am enough!
give an example of mental filtering
only thinking about the negative feedback from your teacher when you got mostly positive feedback
what is forecasting?
predicting things will turn out badly
what is mindreading?
AKA jumping to conclusions - thinking you know someone's thoughts/ feelings/ intentions or other internal processes
what cognitive distortion uses words like "always" and "never"
overgeneralization
give an example of catastrophizing
"if I fail this test, I'll flunk out of school"
"They always cancel on me!" is an example of what?
overgeneralization
give an example of blaming
saying you were late because your sibling was slow
also called "shoulding" this type of thinking includes being critical of self or others with a heavy emphasis on "should have"
judging
give an example of discounting the positive
thinking getting an A on a test doesn't matter because the test was just easy
thinking because we feel it, it must be real or will become real
what is overgeneralization?
making broad assumptions based on limited information - using words like "always" and "never"
an extreme form of overgeneralization where instead of describing your negative error, you attach a negative label to it
labeling
what is mental filtering?
focusing on and magnifying negative details while filtering out the positive aspects