Effects of WWII
a. Prime Meridian
b. line of demarcation
c. Iron Curtain
d. Berlin Wall
a. containment
b. neutrality
c. nonalignment
d. militarism
a. They refused to align with the superpowers
b. Their former emperors stood trial for war crimes
c. Both remained divided during the Cold War
d. Ethnic tensions threatened civil war in each country
The 1956 invasion of Hungary and the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union were attempts to
a. keep Communist governments in power in Eastern Europe
b. decrease Cold War tension between Eastern Europe and the United Nations
c. prevent German militarism from spreading throughout Europe
d. provide humanitarian aid to the ethnic minorities of these nations
Mikhail Gorbachev’s reforms of perestroika and glasnost resulted in
a. an era of world peace and Soviet prosperity
b. conditions that helped lead to the breakup of the Soviet Union
c. a successful transition to a command economy in Russia
d. censorship of the news media in Russia
b. conditions that helped lead to the breakup of the Soviet Union
a. control world grain prices
b. promote democratic governments
c. resolve conflicts between nations peacefully
d. unite all nations militarily through alliances
a. support the construction of the Iron Curtain
b. increase membership in the United Nations
c. prevent the spread of communism
d. attempt to solve world hunger
a. Kim Jong Il and Ho Chi Minh possessed nuclear weapons
b. French colonial rule would continue to influence the region
c. Renewed Japanese imperialism would trigger another world war
d. Communism would spread through eastern and southeastern Asia
•Hungarian Revolution (1956)
•Prague Spring (1968)
•Formation of Solidarity in Poland (1979)
One way in which these events are similar is that each is an example of
a. a reaction of a Warsaw Pact nation to the actions of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
b. violence resulting from massive food shortages
c. opposition to communism in Eastern Europe
d. the failure of the European Economic Community (Common Market) to unify its tariffs
One reason Mikhail Gorbachev implemented the policies of glasnost and perestroika in the Soviet Union was to
a. eliminate freedom of speech and press
b. destroy the power of the opposition party
c. dominate the governments of Eastern Europe
d. encourage political discussion and economic reform
d. encourage political discussion and economic reform
a. members of the Common Market
b. participants in the Marshall Plan
c. allies of the United States
d. satellites of the Soviet Union
a. economic and military support to European nations to stop the spread of Communism
b. military troops to end ethnic warfare in the former Yugoslavia
c. humanitarian aid to starving people in Ethiopia and Sudan
d. the rights of freedom of speech and the press to Greek and Turkish citizens
a. resolved through diplomatic efforts of the United Nations
b. fought as result of differing political ideologies during the Cold War
c. fought without foreign influence or assistance
d. caused by religious conflicts
The revolt in Hungary (1956), the demonstrations in Czechoslovakia (1968), and the formation of Solidarity in Poland (1980's) are similar in that the
a. were movements to restore the power of the aristocracy
b. were tolerated by the Communist leaders, who accepted the need for change
c. represented a challenge to Communist leadership
d. represented attempts to rid these countries of Western ideas and influence
c. represented a challenge to Communist leadership
"By gently pushing open the gates of reform, he unleashed a democratic flood that wiped out the Soviet universe and washed away the Cold War."
This statement most likely describes the actions of
a. Ruhollah Khomeini
b. Ho Chi Minh
c. Pol Pot
d. Mikhail Gorbachev
d. Mikhail Gorbachev
a. cooperate in halting the spread of communism
b. colonize Asia & Africa
c. compete economically and militarily
d. protect human rights
The purpose of the Marshall Plan after World War II was
a. promote the spread of militarism
b. force the losing nations to help areas destroyed in the war
c. rebuild national economies to stabilize governments
d. strengthen the alliances that had won the war
a. Gandhi's use of hunger strikes in India
b. Napoleon's continental system in Europe
c. Gorbachev's policy of perestroika in the Soviet Union
d. Hitler's "final solution" for the Jews in Europe
The events that took place in Hungary in the 1950's and in Czechoslovakia in the 1960's demonstrated the Soviet Union's
a. support of nationalism among satellite nations
b. influence on the economies of developing nations
c. determination to maintain political control over Eastern Europe at that time
d. attempts to promote its artistic and literary achievements in Western Europe
c. determination to maintain political control over Eastern Europe at that time
The events that led to the overthrow of Czar Nicholas II in 1917 and to the forced resignation of Mikhail Gorbachev in 1991 show that
a. economic crises often lead to political change
b. Russian absolutism continued into the 1990s
c. international conflicts often strengthen the power of leaders
d. Russia is an ethnically unified nation
a. economic crises often lead to political change
a. support the remaining Fascist governments in Eastern Europe
b. preserve Capitalism in Eastern Europe
c. establish democratic governments in Eastern European nations
d. expand its power and control over Eastern Europe
". . . The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all and consequently they agree that, if such an armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of the right of individual or collective self-defense . . . will assist the Party or Parties so attacked by taking forthwith, individually and in concert with the other Parties, such action as it deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the . . . area. . . ."
Which organization includes this statement in its charter?
a. Warsaw Pact
b. United Nations
c. Organization of American States
d. North Atlantic Treaty Organization
a. influence of nationalism in Southeast Asia
b. use of nuclear weapons in the 20th century
c. ability of the United Nations to solve international problems
d. success of the United States in stopping the spread of Communism
In Eastern Europe during the 1950's and 1960's, the Soviet Union responded to challenges to its control by
a. allowing free elections when its necessary
b. imposing prompt and severe repression
c. obtaining United Nations assistance
d. granting independence to its satellite nations
One way in which Vladimir Lenin's New Economic Policy and Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of perestroika are similar is that both
a. allowed elements of capitalism within a communist economic system
b. strengthened their country's military defenses
c. supported censorship of news and of personal correspondence
d. increased tensions during the Cold War
a. allowed elements of capitalism within a communist economic system