Steps of Digestion
Name the 4 basic steps of digestion in order.
Ingestion → Mechanical and Chemical Digestion → Absorption → Elimination
This enzyme, found in saliva, begins the process of breaking down starches into simpler sugars.
Amylase
What is the movement or contraction of the muscles around the esophagus to allow food to pass through?
Peristalsis
Why are less healthy food choices typically cheaper?
Government subsidies
Produces saliva
salivary glands
Intake of food
Ingestion
This enzyme, produced in the stomach, is responsible for breaking down proteins into smaller peptides/amino acids.
Pepsin
When food is chewed up in the mouth it becomes this.
Bolus
What are the odds of an American getting early onset Diabetes?
1 in 3
Performs both mechanical and chemical digestion
stomach
Breakdown of food.
Digestion
This enzyme, produced in the stomach, is responsible for breaking down proteins into smaller peptides.
Lipase
Food mixed with the highly acidic gastric juices is called ___________.
Chyme
How much of the U.S. land base is used to grow corn?
30%
Where most absorption occurs. Lined with villi.
small intestine
Uptaking nutrients
Absorption
This enzyme breaks down lactose, the sugar found in milk, and is deficient in people who are lactose intolerant.
Lactase
What fluid is made and released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It helps with digestion and breaks down fats into fatty acids, which can be taken into the body by the digestive tract.
Bile
What problem evolved as a result of feeding corn to cattle?
Corn unbalances the pH of cows’ stomachs, which makes them susceptible to illnesses like E. coli
Produces bile
liver
Gets rid of undigested material
Elimination
The name of the part of an enzyme where the substrate binds is called
The binding site
Our bodies use WATER to help BREAK DOWN large molecules (polymers) into smaller building blocks (monomers). What is this process called?
Hydrolysis
What are 2 reasons antibiotics are administered to chickens raised by the average American farmer?
To prevent disease in unsanitary conditions
To promote rapid growth
Controls the movement of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine
pyloric sphincter