Key
Terminology
Terminology
This term refers to disciplinary actions like suspension or expulsion that remove students from the classroom.
Exclusionary discipline
This term describes teachers misinterpreting students actions and behavior due to the gap in cultural
Cultural misunderstanding
This unfair practice happens when students of color are more likely to be punished harshly for the same inappropriate actions as their White peers
Disproportionate Discipline
They can work with teachers to create classrooms that celebrate diversity by using this kind of culturally informed teaching method
Cultural responsive teaching
How many times more likely are African American students to get expelled than their White counterparts?
21/2 times more likely
The subconscious attitudes or stereotypes that influence how educators perceive and discipline students
Implicit bias
The emotional and psychological distress caused by disproportionate discipline may result in?
Mental illness
These types of school policies, which mandate strict punishments for infractions, are linked to higher suspension rates for minoritized students.
zero-tolerance policies
These are the four core functions
Escape, Tangible, Sensory, Attention
The school arrest rates with SROs vs. schools without
3.5 times the rate of schools with SROs
The term used to describe groups that are marginalized due to systemic inequities, often impacted by disproportionate discipline practices
Minoritized populations
Disproportionate discipline continues this societal issue by continuing the cycle of inequity
Systematic inequality
What is the title of the intelligence scale that disproportionately affects African American students more than White students?
WISC-III (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children)
School psychologists can develop and deliver these proactive plans to help students manage behavior before it becomes disruptive
Behavioral intervention plans (BIPs)
Students who identify under the LGBTQ+ community are this many times more likely to face unjust treatment compared to cisgender and heterosexual students.
1.5 to 3 times more likely
This type of promotion focuses on speaking up to support students and their needs
Advocate
How else may disproportionate discipline practices impact a student?
Negative impacts on family relationships and/or Barriers/challenges when transitioning into the real world (ex. Job opportunities, higher education, supportive networks)
Data shows that minoritized students with disabilities are at even greater risk of disproportionate discipline due to this dual factor.
Intersectionality (Race and disability)
One of the data points that school psychologists should look at regarding the discipline referral data
The prevalence of discipline referrals among specific teachers, the demographics of students referred, and the reason for referral
How much more likely is it that schools will suspend males students compared to their counterparts.
2-3 times
A school-based police officer who is able to administer student arrests, especially among minoritized students.
School Resource Officers (SROs)
How does disproportionate discipline practices reinforce social inequalities against minoritized populations
Because minoritized populations are more likely to be over penalized, it reaffirms the societal perception that such groups engage in more misconduct which creates a negative stereotype / stigma
What are the three groups of students that corporal punishment disproportionately affects
Students with disabilities, students who are Hispanic, and students who are black
Name some interventions that can be done with teachers to improve cultural responsiveness
Small group discussions, reflection journals, exposure to positive representations of the community and celebrating accomplishments of minoritized populations
Students who have been suspended are unlikely to obtain a high school diploma but more than likely to be arrested how many times
At least once