DNA Replication
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is the 1st step to DNA Replication
DNA unzips
What is the start codon for protein synthesis and what amino acid does it code for?
UAG
Amino acid- Met
What is the fundamental shape of a DNA molecule?
Double helix
Which cells are formed during meiosis?
Four genetically unique haploid gametes
DNA holds the codes for building which macromolecule?
Proteins
what is the 2nd step to DNA Replication
enzymes help find complementary bases
The process of converting mRNA information into a sequence of amino acids is called __________.
Translation
Alternating phosphate groups and sugars
in which phase of meiosis would certain gene segments of the homologous pairs of chromosomes "crossover" and exchange genetic information?
prophase 1
What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together between the bases?
Hydrogen bonds
what is the 3rd step to DNA Replication
two identical DNA molecules are formed
The process of converting DNA into mRNA information is called ________.
Transcription
What is the monomer (building block) of DNA?
Nucleiotides
One major difference between Meiosis I and Meiosis II is what?
If a DNA sample contains 30% adenine, what percentage of Guanine does it contain?
Hint: A=T and C=G (all together adds to 100%)
According to Charfgaff's base-pairing rules, adenine bonds with _______ and cytosine bonds with _______.
Translate the following mRNA sequence
UAG CGC ACU UAA
Met-Arg-Thr-STOP
How would you write this in karyotype notation?
47, XX, +21
What is the most important role of Meiosis in sexual reproduction?
Reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid
Why is DNA replication considered "semi-conservative"?
Each new DNA molecule has one parent strand and one daughter strand
Which organelle is responsible for assembling amino acids into polypeptide chains?
Ribosome
What is the anticodon?
A sequence on tRNA complementary to mRNA codon
If a skin cell contains 86 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are found in the gametes?
43
What is the ploidy of human sperm or egg cells?