CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
IMPORTANT PEOPLE
OPERANT CONDITIONING
DEFFINITIONS
COGNITIVE AND SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING
100
What is CLASSICAL CONDITIONING?
LEARNING THAT OCCURS WHEN TWO STIMULI- A CONDITIONED STIMULUS AND AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS- ARE PAIRED AND BECOME ASSOCIATED WITH EACH OTHER.
100
WHO IS THE RUSSIAN SCIENTIST THAT WAS AWARDED THE NOBEL PRIZE IN 1904 AND IS CLOSLY ASSOCIATED WITH CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
IVAN PAVLOV
100
Learning that occurs when the participant must make a response to produce a change in the environment
What is Operant Conditioning?
100
A RELATIVEY PERMANENT CHANGE AND BEHAVIOR OR THE POTENTIAL TO MAKE A RESPONSE THAT OCCURS AS A RESULT OF EXPERIENCE.
WHAT IS LEARNING?
100
Insight Learning
What is the type of learning that causes you to have the AHA! moment?
200
What WAS THE EXPERIMENT IVAN PAVLOV CONDUCTED TO TEST CLASSICAL CONDITIONING?
EVERY TIME PAVLOV RANG A BELL BEFORE PRESENTING FOOD THE DOG BEGAN TO SALIVATE. HE WAS TESTING HOW MUCH SALIVA THE DOG PRODUCED WHEN RINGING THE BELL.
200
WHO IS KNOWN FOR THE STUDY OF HUNGRY ANIMALS AND IS KNOWN FOR THE PUZZLE BOX. HIS OBSERVATIONS LED TO THE LAW OF EFFECT.
EDWARD LEE THORNDIKE
200
-Events or stimuli that are removed because of response has occurred -Events or stimuli that are presented after the target response occurs
What is the difference between positive and negative reinforcement?
200
THE PROCESS OF USING A PUNISHER TO DECREASE THE RESPONSE RATE.
What is PUNISHMENT?
200
Albert Bandura researched this type of learning.
What is the psychologists name that researched Observational Learning?
300
WHAT IS A PHOBIA AND HOW DOES IT RELATE TO CLASSICAL CONDITIONING?
IT IS A IRRIATIONAL FEAR OF AN ACTIVITY, OBJECT, OR SITUATION THAT IS OUT OF PROPORTION TO THE ACTUAL DANGER IT POSES. HOW IT RELATES: FEARS AND ANXIETIES ARE CLASSICALLY CONDITIONED.
300
WHO FORMED THE TERM OPERANT CONDITIONING?
B.F. SKINNER
300
Stimulus or signal telling the participant that responding will be reinforced
What is a discriminative stimulus?
300
DEVELOPMENT OF A DISLIKE OF OR ADVERSION TO A FLAVOR OF FOOD THAT HAS BEEN PAIRED WITH ILLNESS.
What is TASTE ADVERSION LEARNING?
300
Occurs when learning has taken place, but is not demonstrated - Latent Learning Learning that occurs through watching imitating behavior of others - Observational Learning
What is the difference between latent learning and observational learning?
400
HOW DOES CLASSICAL CONDITIONG RELATE TO OUR ATTITUDES?
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING OF OUR ATTITUDES BY ASSOCIATING IMAGES OF CARTOON CHARACTERS WITH POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE WORDS OR IMAGES.
400
WHO CAME UP WITH OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING WITH THE USE OF THE BOBO DOLL?
ALBERT BANDURA
400
Continuous, Fixed-Ratio, Fixed-Interval, Variable-ratio, Variable-Interval
What is the 5 different reinforcement schedules?
400
LEARNING THAT HAS OCCURED BUT IS NOT DEMONSTRATED.
What is LATENT LEARNING
400
Violence in video games and music
What is an example of desensitization we discussed in class?
500
DEFINE AN NS, UCS, CS, CR, AND A UCR? GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF EACH.
NS: STIMULUS THAT BEFORE CONDITIONING DOES NOT EXPLICIT A PARTICULAR RESPONSE. UCS: STIMULUS THAT AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCES A RESPONSE WITHOUT ANY PREVIOUS TRAINING. CS: NEUTRAL STIMULUS THAT AQUIRES THE ABILITY TO ECPLICIT A CONDITIONED RESPONSE AFTER BEING PAIRED WITH AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS. CR: RESPONCE EXPLICITED BY A CONDITION STIMULUS THAT HAS BEEN PAIRED WITH AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS. UCR: REACTION THAT IS AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCED WHEN AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS IS PRESENT. EXAMPLE NS: BELL UCS: DOG FOOD CS: BELL RINGING CR: DOG SALIVATING UCR: DOG SALIVATING
500
WHAT EXPERIMENT DID WOLFGANG KOHLER CONDUCT?
HE PUT CHIMPANZEES IN A CONFINMENT AND SUSPENDED BANANAS OUT OF REACH AND PLACED A THREE BOXES INSIDE AND MADE THEM FIGURE OUT A WAY TO REACH THE BANANAS.
500
Operant Conditioning technique in which opportunity to participate in preferred activity reinforces less preferred activity -Grandma's rule: Must eat vegetables and fruits before dessert.
What is the Premack Principal and give an example
500
THORNDIKE'S VIEW THAT REINFORCERS PROMOTE LEARNING, WHEREAS PUNISHERS LEAD TO THE UNLEARNING OF RESPONSES.
What is LAW OF EFFECT
500
- Aha! Moment - People watching (can involve aggression) -Learning how to walk during young toddler years
What is an example of Insight, Latent, and Observational Learning and which on involves aggression?
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