Enzymes & Histochemistry
Purposes
Muscle staining results
Name that stain
Enter Category Name
100

This is something that changes the rate of the reaction of the chemical without being consumed by the reaction

Catalyst- a positive catalyst speeds up; a negative catalyst slows down

100

This stain will differentiate type l, type llA and type llB fibers. It also helps in separating myopathic from neuropathic processes

ATPase stain

100

Naphthol AS-D chloroacetate- granulocytes & mast cells

Bright red

100

Oil red O

100

Chatter

200

Cold formalin, cold calcium formalin and cold acetone are used for enzymes for this purpose

Used to fix tissue for enzyme studies

200

This stain demonstrates abnormalities in mitochondria, Z-band material, and sarcoplasmic reticulum

NADH diaphorase

200

NADH diaphorase - site of enzyme activity & type l muscle fibers

Dark purple

200

Bielschowsky method

200

Water carryover in xylene

300

This occurs with the loss of oxygen, gain of hydrogen or gain of elections

Reduction

300

This stain is useful in the diagnosis of McArdle disease, which has a single enzyme defect

Phosphorylase stain for muscle

300

Phosphorylase stain - phosphorylase activity

Varying shades of brow, blue and purple- no McArdle disease

300

Bile stain

300

Non-compressed vs compressed tissue can result if tissue is underprocessed

400

This is the optimal pH for enzymes

pH 7.0

400

This stain differentiates between type 11 atrophy and neurogenic atrophy. Motor end-plates and lysosomes in inflammatory cells are also demonstrated

a-naphthyl acetate esterase stain for muscle biopsies

400

Modified Gomori trichrome- myofibrils (muscle)

Bluish-green

400

GMS stain

400

Floater
500

These type of fibers are considered "fast-twitch", which have an anaerobic metabolism

Type ll muscle fibers

500

This stain identifies granulocytes in the classification of leukemias or in chloromas 

Naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase technique

500

ATPase stain - pH 9.4 

Type ll fibers are dark and type 1 fibers are light to unstained

500

PTAH technique

500

Nuclear bubbling- occurs when poorly fixed tissue is exposed to high levels of heat; high fixative pH 

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