EP II Final

Questions 1C

100

MMN Neuropsych Disorders? 

Parkinsons, Alzheimer's, Schizophrenia, Tinnitus, Alcoholism, Brain injury, Social withdrawal

200

Fill in the blank: 

P300: As age increases, latency _______ (about _____ per year) 

MMN: As age increases, latency ______ (about _____ per year)

Decreases

19ms

Decreases

11ms

300

How can we differentiate the MMN from N1? 

• MMN will be elicited by any change b/w standard & deviant stimulus
• MMN is unaffected by ISI
• MMN can be evoked by fine differences in stimulus characteristics
• MMN latency is related to differences b/w standard & deviant stimuli
• Imaging techniques have found differences in generator sites b/w the N1 and MMN

400

List 5 MMN stimulus types? 

Duration, Musical chords, Intensity diffs, Frequency diffs, gaps with tonal/noise stimulus

500

What is the single stimulus paradigm? 

• Using a single auditory stimulus (standard) and using a pause
• Amplitude is typically smaller than normal
• Used for cognitive impaired

Questions 2

100

MMN auditory/language disorders?

Prematurity, Aphasia, Non-native language learning, Dyslexia, Adhd, Peripheral auditory dysfunction, Autism, Ampllification 

200

What is: 

• A time frame (200ms) that shifts backward & forward in time (during which auditory info is integrated)

 

Temporal window of integration

300

How is the MMN derived? 

• Subtract standard stimuli evoked response from target stimuli evoked response
• Each waveform is collected & analyzed separately

 

400

List challenges with MMN analysis? 

• Response is relatively small (1-2uv)
• Derivation of waveform introduces noise
• No distinct peaks/troughs
• Amplitude is not constant
• Response reliability is low

 

500

What is the multiple stimulus paradigm? 

• Using 2 standards and 1 target
• 1 standard has lesser probability than the other
• Reflects “automatic cognitive processes”
• Uses a distractor signal (dog barking)

Questions 3

100

Why is the MMN of interest? 

• It is independent of conscious attention to auditory stimuli
• It can be elicited by stimuli that differ in very fine ways

 

 

200

What is: 

• Differences in multiple parameters between standard & target stimuli
• MMN amplitudes are larger with more complexity

 

Complexity

300

Explain Integrated MMN analysis?

• Amp integrated over time window
• Analysis occurs for both standard & target
• Statistical comparison between integrated waveforms & single sweep standard responses

400

How do we analyze the P300 latency? 

• it occurs between 250-400ms (up to 800ms in infants)
• pick a peak: find midpoint between when initial part of wave crosses baseline & when trailing part crosses baseline

500

What is the MMN? Explain in detail: 

• A derived negative wave component that occurs between 100-250ms (post stimulus).
• It is an event-related potential, a cognitive evoked response, and has a small amplitude.
• It is a preconscious or pre-perceptual detection of an auditory change

Questions 4

100

List the 3 analysis techniques for MMN? 

Area under curve, integrated MMN analysis, Principal component analysis

200

What is: 

• Time interval between onset of 2 adjacent stimuli
• Similar to ISI
• Inversely related to stimulus rate

 

Stimulus onset asynchrony

300

Explain derivation of the MMN? 

• Subtract standard stimuli evoked response from target stimuli evoked response
• Each waveform is collected & analyzed separately

400

How do we analyze the P300 amplitude? 

• Ranges between 10-20 uv
• Peak to peak: from P300 to trough right before or after
• Baseline to peak: requires stable prestimulus baseline

 

500

What is the P300? Explain in detail

• A complex that may occur as late as 600ms with some speech signals.
• It is endogenous (originates from within)
• Obtained by giving the patient a task to attend to stimulus
• Can be collected passively
• Uses the oddball paradigm

 

Questions 5

100

Fill in the blank: 

P300: Low ISI, _______ rate, creates low amp with ______ differences 

Faster

Duration

200

List the uses for the P300? 

Alcoholism, Depression, Autism, Dementia, Schizophrenia, Epilepsy, Adhd, TBI

300

Explain Principal component analysis? 

• Similar to other AEP analyses
• Locate wave components that best identify the variances b/w the waves OR the most consistent response

400

Explain how to use tones for P300? 

• Standard of 1k Hz and a target of 2k Hz
• Amplitude of P300 increases with differences between F1 and F2 (the more different the tones, the better… 500 and 2000)
• Might not work with persons with HL
• 
  

 

500

Why do we use EABR? Explain it. 

A near-field recording that sends electrical stimulation directly to the cochlea. This prevents a traveling wave, so we get a more direct response. It is usually used for CI candidacy. Latency is about 20ms later and typically we do not see wave I.