Destemming/Crushing
How much of their income do americans spend on food?
11.9%
What are the 3 grape species used for wine making?
Vitis Vinifera
Vitis Lambrusca
Vitis Rotundifolia
What compound is responsible for the astringent sensation in wines
Tannins
how much did agriculture and food industries contribute to the US GDP
$1.26 Trillion
3-5 days
reds: 70-90 degrees
whites: 45-65 degrees
What food industry employs the largest amount of people
Meat industry
What yeasts are used to make wine (3)
Saccharomyces bayanus
Saccharomyces ellipsodius
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
What does it mean when a wine is Fortified?
More ethanol is added
What does Brix measure? What instrument is used to measure it?
Total solids
Refractometer
What is the importance of the Filtered step in wine making
Filters out yeasts so they dont over ferment the wine when aging
How many food processing plants are in the US? what state has the most?
38,000
California
What grape species is "old world"?
Vitis Vinifera
What is the alcohol content of dessert wines, table wines and sparkling wines?
Dessert: 18-24%
Table: 7-13.9%
Sparkling: 10-13.9%
What are the six primary units of operation?
Fluid flow
Heat transfer
Mass transfer
Separation
Mixing
Size adjustment
What is added to wine to prevent the growth of acetic acid bacteria, yeasts and molds?
Sulfites
How much of the global food supply is wasted?
30%
Why is yeast used instead of bacteria?
More tolerant to high alcohol contents
Name 4 Woody aromas
cedar
oak
vanilla
chocolate
What piece of lab equipment is used to know both precisely and accurately the volume of the solution ?
Volumetric Flask
What are the 9 steps in wine making/processing
1. Harvest
2. destemming/crushing
3. clarified
4.Pressing
5. Fermented
6. filtered
7. Racking
8. Aging
9. bottling
What does food security mean?
the state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food.
What bacteria species is responsible for producing acetic acid from ethyl alcohol? Spell it
Acetobacter Aceti
When a wine has too high of a malic acid content what process does it undergo to convert the malic acid to something else? what is the product of this process?
Malolactic acid fermentation
latic acid
What is the name of the indicator used in titrations? Spell it correctly
Phenolphthalein