Ch. 1 - Intro
This variable is manipulated by the person who sets up the experiment.
Independent Variable
The electrons in this shell interact to form chemical bonds
valence/outermost shell
This word for the reaction that breaks polymers into monomers has a root word meaning "to cut".
Hydrolysis
This type of reaction brings amino acids together to form a polypeptide.
The atomic number of Magnesium is 12. This means it has this many electrons.
12
These variables remain the same between all groups
Control Variables
This specific type of bond can be seen between TWO or more water molecules
Hydrogen bond
Amino groups (-NH3), Carboxyl groups (-COOH), and phosphates (-PO4) are examples of these that can bond with Carbon
Functional Groups
This polymer uses Adenine, guanine, uracil and cytosine.
RNA
These limit major shifts in the amount of H+ and OH- in solution
Buffers
Three domains of life
bacteria, archaea, eukarya
This type of bond holds a SINGLE water molecule together
Covalent bond
A protein has this structure when it is at its final folding level for a single polypeptide chain.
These are the three parts of a nucleotide
Phosphate group, Pentose, Single/Double ring nitrogenous base
The pH scale is based on the number of this type of ion in a solution.
Hydrogen ions (the more Hydrogen ions, the more acidic)
Smallest unit that makes up life
Cell
This describes how strong the attraction between two different atoms would be
electronegativity
Bond that holds together monosaccharides
Glycosidic
Olive oil is this type of fat as it has double bonds that give it a "kinked" appearance, molecularly speaking.
Unsaturated fatty acid
The 4 main elements that make up most living organisms
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
A feature that differentiates prokaryotes from eukaryotes
nucleus, membrane-bound organelles
Of the following - the one that isn't an ion:
H+
HCl
Cl-
HCl
32S is the basic version of sulfur. The version with more neutrons, denoted as 35S, is known as this.
Isotope
Chitin is a long-chain polymer of N-acteylglucosamine, a derivative of glucose - which macromolecule would you categorize it as.
Carbohydrate
Detergents help break up dirt particles by forming micelles around them. What is the name of this property that allows a micelle (or phospholipid bilayer) to form?
Amphipathic (hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail)