Vision 1
This is the mucous membrane that lubricates the eye.
conjunctiva
This is the part of the eye that contains a unique color.
iris
This is known as the boundary between external and middle ears.
eardrum
These sensory receptors are used for olfaction and gustation
chemoreceptors
Where does the spinal cord end?
conus medullaris
sclera
This is the structure of the eye that supplies blood to all it's layers.
choroid
Which structure of the cochlea produces nerve impulses in response to sound vibrations?
organ of Corti
These are the papillae that look like mushroom tops that house the most taste buds and are scattered everywhere on the tongue.
fungiform
where are spinal taps performed in the vertebrae?
arachnoid space below L2
Name the 3 cranial nerves that control eye movement. (their name and corresponding number)
trochlear (4), oculomotor (3), abducens (6)
Snellan chart
These are the sensory receptor organs of the semicircular canals that monitor static equilibrium.
maculae
Name the two types of taste buds and what they do?
1. gustatory epithelial cells: taste receptor cells that have microvilli and help send taste signals to brain
vs. 2. Basal epithelial cells: are precursor stem cells that differentiate
the phrenic nerve originates from the ___ plexus and innervates the _____
cervical, diaphragm
___ is the gel-like fluid that is located posteriorly to the lens, _____ is the plasma like fluid that is located anterior to the lens.
vitreous fluid, aqueous fluid
Explain the difference between Rods and Cones.
Rods: for dim light, peripheral vision, more numerous & more sensitive to light, no color vision
Cones: bright light, color-vision, make up macula lutea/fovea centralis
The cochlear hair cells called ____ press into the _____ to relay a message to cranial nerve 8.
stereocilia, tectorial membrane
Name the 5 basic taste sensations and what causes them.
1. sweet (sugars)
2. sour (hydrogen ions)
3. salty (NACL)
4. bitter (caffeine, alkaloids)
5. umami (meat/cheese)
Name and briefly explain the two classes of nociceptors?
they are pain receptors
Type A=fast pain thats localized (cuts)
Type C= slow pain thats more general (burning)
Name & number all the Cranial nerves in correct order from 1-12!
1 olfactory, 2 optic, 3 oculomotor, 4 trochlear, 5 trigeminal, 6 abducens, 7 facial, 8 vestibulocochlear, 9 glossopharyngeal, 10 vagus,11 acessory, 12 hypoglossal
Name all the cranial nerves in correct order and state whether they are sensory or motor or both.
* Bonus points if you can state a basic function of each!!!
olfactory (sensory), optic (sensory), oculomotor (motor), trochlear (motor), trigeminal (both), abducens (motor), facial (both), vestibulocochlear (sensory), glossopharyngeal (both), vagus (both), accessory (motor), hypoglossal (motor)
Explain the main steps and structures that conduct autitory nerve impulses.
1. organ or corti
2.medulla oblongata
3. thalamus
4. primary auditory cortex of the temporal lobe
These are the 3 cranial nerves involved in taste. What do they innervate.
1. facial, impulses from ant 2/3 of tounge
2. glossopharyngeal,
3. vagus, transmits from epiglottis to medulla
From the gray matter explain the difference between the ventral and dorsal roots?
ventral= motor neurons that exit the spinal cord/act as effectors (away from CNS to effector organs)
dorsal=bring sensory input to the CNS are affectors/afferent