Pathways
The carotenoids and Xanthophylls can be produced from geranyl-geranyl PP.
True or False
True
What is the difference between endogenous and exogenous free radicals? and give examples
Endogeneous: from within the body. exampmples include inflammation, stress, infection, cancer, aging.
Exogenous: from the external environment. examples include pollution, ciggterrs, alchole, heavy metals.
what are the cancer cells that travel through the blood stream to other locations in the body called?
Metastasis
What are the different effects of the CYP enzyme?
Increases: the drug breaks down quicker
Decreases: the drug staysin the body longer
Why were europene women told not to travel to war climates?
Their babies will resemble the natives.
The shikimate pathway produces what three amino acids?
Tyrosine, tryptophan, and Phenylalanine
which of the following can lead to free radical formation?
a) Cancer
b) cigarettesc) Inflammation
d) all of the above
what type of nucleus do cancerous cells typically have?
Very large nucleus.
What does sulforphane do in cancer cells?
It inhibits histone deacetylases
Were theses people for or aganist abortifacients?
Female Slaves
Native American women
Slave owners
Physicians
For
For
Aganist
Aganist
What is the product of the Mevalonant Pathway?
Geranyl -Geranyl Diphosphate
where do free radicals most likely form?
Mitochondria
What are two things that normal cells follow that cancer cells do not follow?
1. Anchorage dependance
2. Density dependent Inhibition
Chemotherapy drugs from Taxus spp. Works by inhibiting?
Microtubule depolymerization
Microtubule polymerization
Topoisomerase I
Topoisomerase II
Microtubule depolymerization
Why was the knowladge of herbal abortifacients not promoted in Europe?
the doctors didnt introduce it to the public and the women did not collect any information regarding the topic from the natives.
Name one thing that can be produced from Tyrosine
Dopa, betalains, tyramine, tocopherols
What are antioxidents? and how do they help with free radicals?
Pigment molecules that help fight agansit free radicles. Antioxidents donate one of their free electrons to free radicals to make they stable.
The formation of new blood vessels is called?
Angiogenesis
What is pharmacokinetics?
The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a drug
What is the role of BAX
Apoptois
What are the two starting compound of the shikimate pathway and can it be produced from sucrose?
Starting materials: PEP & E4P
Yes, it can be made from sucrose
What is oxidative stress and why is it harmful?
An excessive amount of free radicles that damage the macromolecule of our cells.
What are the different treatments for cancer?
Chemotherapy, Radiation, immunotherapy, surgical removal.
Watch the chemotherapy drugs with which phase of the cell cycle they disrupt.
Teniposide and etoposide
Pacitaxel and decetaxel
Vincristine and Vinblastine
Camptothecin and Topotecan
1. s-phase
2. M-phase
3. M-pahse4. s-phase
How do growth factors promote cell division?
Bind to the receptos on the plasm membrane to send signals that promote cell division.