Lecture 8: Fermented foods: From food to beverages to biofuel
Lecture 9: Maize, Barley and Columbia Exchange
Lecture 10: Brassicaceae and antioxidants + Lecture 11: Hot foods Solanaceae
Lecture 12: Asparagus and Genetic
Lecture 12: Asparagus and Genetic
100
3,000 CA growers produce what percent of raisins?
what is 100%?
100
What is a Poaceae seed called? And what nutrients are its endosperm and SINGLE cotyledon rich in?
What is a Caryopsis?
What is the endosperm stores the complex carbohydrate – starch and some protein?
What is the single cotyledon stores oils and proteins?
100
Define Glucosinolates.
What are amino acids decorated with glucose?
100
Define a gamete.
What is a reproductive cell of an animal or plant? female gametes are called ova or egg cells, and male gametes are called sperm.
100
what type of fruit do asparagus form?
What is a berry?
200
What is ethanolic fermentation?
what is a reaction done by yeast/fungi that convert starch to glucose to ethanol?
200
Describe Domestication Syndrome?
What is a suite of behavioral and morphological characteristics consistently observed in domesticated populations?
200
Explain how plants are not affected by the toxin nature of glucosinolate break-down molecules.
What is the production/biosynthesis of glucosinolates and the enzyme that breaks it down are cell-type specific?
200
Explain the difference between haploid and diploid.
What is haploid refers to the presence of a single set of chromosomes such as in gametes? Fertilized eggs and somatic cells are diploid (having two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent).
200
Which part of the asparagus plant are modified stems? the shoots or the crown?
What is both?
300
What feedstock compounds were used in 1st generation biofuels and 2nd generation feedstocks?
What is starch and cellulose to ethanol, respectively?
300
Describe nixtamalization's importance?
What is nixtamalization releases essential Vit.B3, niacin, from starch making it biological available.
300
What type of receptor, touch or taste, perceive capsaicin?
What is a touch receptor?
300
Define breeding true.
What is progeny look like their parents?
300
How many copies of every gene does a diploid organisms have?
What is 2 copies of every gene?
400
Name the three classes of angiosperms.
What is Magnoliids, Eudicots, and Monocots?
400
Define the Columbian exchange.
What is the exchang of plants/animals/diseaese to and from the Old World to the New World?
400
Define a phenotypic trait and give one example.
What is an obvious and observable trait?
400
What is the central dogma?
What is DNA to RNA to proteins?
400
Which phenotypic trait segregates as a Mendelian trait? the production of asparagus odor or the ability to smell the asparagus odor?
What is the ability to smell asparagus odor?
500
Why did we move away from 1st generation biofuel crops?
What is diversion of food crops lead to food insecurity?
500
Define Center of Origin and how it relates to Center of Diversity.
What is Centers of Crop Origin are where
domestication events occurred?
What is Centers of diversity are where wild relatives of a crop grow? Sometimes were are the same place, but sometimes the wild progenitor moves and then becomes domesticated.
500
Define a genetic bottleneck.
What is an event in which there is a major loss in biodiversity of a population? After these events, there is less trait/gene diversity.
500
define a dominant allele.
What is an allele that produces a dominant phenotype in a heterozygote (F1 generation = the offspring of an outcross from two different true breeding/homozygous plants)?
500
What made Mendel's experiments successful?
What is:
He picked peas as his model system: peas are annuals so many experiments could be done throughout the year
He developed true breeding lines used a large number of plants and stats?