ABG's
Electrolyes
Acid/Base
Nursing Interventions
S/S
100

PH=7.25

CO2=49

What is this? 

Respiratory acidosis
100
Alkalosis, laxative/enema abuse, loop diuretics, hyperaldosteronism
hypokalemia
100
What is the ratio for Bicarb and Carbonic Acid
What is 20:1
100
What is the nursing intervention if the K+ is above 7

heart monitor, calcium gluconate or calcium chloride, insulin

brings heart rate up and insulin drive K+ back into cell


100
Fruity smelling breath, Kussmaul respirations, cold and clammy
Metabolic Acidosis
200
If the PaO2 is less then 80 what does that indicate?
Hypoxia
200
Hypoparathroidectomy, thyroidectomy, alkalosis, large amounts of blood
hypocalcemia
200
What are the 3 buffer systems and when do they respond?
Chemical-second Lungs-min kidneys hour to days
200
when this is below 120 what nursing intervention do we do?
3-5% hypertonic fluids, vital signs, lung sounds, sodium levels,  seizure precautions, pt. education
200
Hypertension, Extreme thirst, hallucinations, restlessness and agitation
hypernatremia
300

pH=7.48

PaCo2= normal

HCO3=29

Metabolic Alkalosis not compensated
300
When to much of the SIADH is released what cause of electrolyte imbalance do we get?

Hyponatremia

water retention dilutes the Na

300
If you have a CO2 excess what is the acid-base imbalance?
Respiratory Alkalosis
300
calcitonin, increase fiber, gentle care to prevent fractures, ROM excercises, ambulation
hypercalcemia
300
Ventricular dysrhythmia, hypertension, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, Babinski reflex, dysphagia
hypomagnesemia
400

PH=7.36

PaCo2=49

HCO3=28

Imbalance and compensation?


Resp. acidosis full compensation
400
Malignant tumors, prolonged immobility
hypercalcemia
400

Airway obstruction, pneumonia, COPD, Aspiration 

What am I in?

respiratory acidosis
400
Insulin and glucose, kayexelate enema, sodium bicarb, dialysis, calcium chloride or calcium gluconate
hyperkalemia
400
Hypoactive bowel sounds, U Wave, leg cramps hypoactive reflexes
hypokalemia
500
What are the different types of chemical buffers?

bicarb-carbonic acid

phosphate

protein

hemoglobin

500
Acute renal failure, acidosis, rhabdomyloysis, chemo
hyperphosphatemia
500
A High Anion Gap results in what?
Gain of Acids
500
temp and resp, risk for infection, strict sterile tech, risk for fractures, pt education
hypophosphatemia
500

Risk for infection, bone pain/fractures, brusing and bleeding, hand grasps weak

hypophosphemia
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