Congress
What is the incumbency advantage?
In 2024, incumbents in Congress were reelected at a rate of 98.5% --> incumbents are extremely likely to be reelected
Which political party has more confidence in the Supreme Court?
Republicans (39% confidence) v Democrats (13%)
What is veto power?
Veto power allows the President to veto a bill created and passed by Congress. However, Congress can "override" the veto by passing the bill with a 2/3 majority in both houses.
Define the makeup of Congress. What does it mean that we have a bicameral legislature?
bicameral legislature: legislature separated into 2 houses
Senate: 2 reps for each state
House: # of reps dependent on state's population size (minimum of 1)
What is the Rule of Four in the Supreme Court?
Only 4 justices (as opposed to a majority of 5) need to support having a case on the docket in order for it to get a slot
What is the honeymoon period?
The honeymoon period refers to the high popularity/approval rates enjoyed by a new leader, usually referring to an incoming president
What are the 3 models of congressional representation? Explain them.
trustee: reps use their own best judgment
delegate: reps should follow the will of their constituents
politico: trustee and delegate
Explain the impact of Marbury v Madison (1803)
established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review
judicial review is the power of the court that allows it to interpret the constitutionality of laws
Name 2 constitutional powers of the president
veto power, commander in chief, treaty negotiation (with Senate ratification), grant pardons, enforce laws passed by Congress, issue executive orders
What is 1 power that is exclusive to the House? 1 that is exclusive to the Senate?
House powers: origination of revenue bills, bringing of impeachment charges
Senate powers: advice & consent for judicial and executive appointments, advice & consent for treaties, trial of impeachment
Name 2 limitations of the courts
precedent, reactive nature, no enforcement mechanism, ability of executive and legislative branches to create new legislation to circumvent SC decisions, "rests on sustained public confidence", appointment power, Congressional power over makeup and power of courts
What is the rally 'round the flag effect?
concept used in political science to explain increased popular support for the government (especially the president) during periods of conflict, war, or international crisis.