Intro to Pharm
How drugs are delivered through the body.
What is distribution?
When considering the various routes of drug elimination, the nurse is aware that elimination occurs mainly by these two routes.
What are the bowel and renal tubules?
This phase of the nursing process requires the nurse to establish a comprehensive baseline of data concerning a particular patient.
What is Assessment?
Amount of pain a person can endure without impeding normal daily function.
What is pain tolerance?
Patient teaching for a patient taking antithyroid medication will include the need to avoid these foods.
What are iodine-rich foods? (eg. seafood, dairy, eggs, iodized salt, and some soy products)
The client is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. This medication has a potential interaction with the contrast dye and should be discontinued the day of the test withheld 48 hours after the test.
What is metformin?
This medication is a rapid-acting insulin.
What is lispro? (also, aspart or glulisine)
The treatment of a condition to prevent or slow progression.
What is maintenance therapy?
A client has been using a topical estradiol patch at home and now reports having a full body sunburn. The phase of pharmacokinetics that will be disrupted.
What is absorption?
The nurse prepares and administers prescribed medications during which phase of the nursing process?
What is Implementation?
Fentanyl, hydromorphone, meperidine, methadone, morphine, and oxycodone.
What are strong opioids?
A patient who is beginning therapy with levothyroxine. This is the time that it will take for the medication to start working.
What is a few weeks?
If a dose of this medication is missed, the client should take the next scheduled dose with their meal.
What is repaglinide?
This is the duration of action for insulin glargine.
What is 24 hours?
The study of what happens to a drug once it enters the body.
What is pharmacokinetics?
A drug has a half-life of 5 hours, the amount of time it takes to be eliminated from the body.
What is 25 hours?
This phase of the nursing process requires validating subjective reports with objective findings before moving forward with any plan.
What is the Assessment phase?
A young man received Fentanyl and on reassessment has respirations of 6 breaths/min and is difficult to arouse. The nurse prepares to administer this drug.
What is Naloxone?
The adverse effects of this medication include hepatotoxicity and agranulocytosis.
What is methimazole?
The class of medications with a black box warning about causing or exacerbating heart failure.
What are TZD's or glitazones?
This is the timing of administering regular insulin.
What is 30 minutes before a meal?
The time required for one-half (50%) of the drug to be removed from the body and helps maintain therapeutic levels of a medication.
What is half-life?
Possible fetal risk in humans is reported; however, consideration of potential benefit versus risk may, in selected cases, warrant use of these drugs in pregnant women.
What are Category D drugs?
The nurse is working with the client with diabetes to establish goals for an A1C target & a schedule for meals since being placed on repaglinide. The phase of the nursing process the nurse is working in.
What is planning?
Organ and smooth muscle is this type of pain.
What is visceral pain?
Octreotide is often used to manage this condition caused by excess growth hormone, leading to enlarged hands, feet, and facial features.
What is acromegaly?
This medication should be taken with the first bite of food.
What is acarbose or miglitol?
While monitoring a client who is receiving insulin therapy, the nurse observes irritability, sweating, and confusion.
What are signs of hypoglycemia?
When the amount of the drug eliminated and the amount of the drug absorbed are equal.
What is the steady state?
This term describes the biochemical changes to make the drug useful.
What is metabolism?
When administering insulin, the nurse rotates injection sites, follows the rights of medication administration, and educates the patient — all part of this specific step.
What is the Implementation phase?
A strong opioid indicated for severe pain that is about 50-100 X stronger than Morphine.
What is Fentanyl?
This medication, synthetic ADH, plays a key role in regulating the body’s water balance.
What is vasopressin?
These two diabetic classes have the adverse reaction of pancreatitis.
What is Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (Ex.Liraglutide) Agonist and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV inhibitors (Ex. Sitagliptin)?
This insulin can be given IV to control high blood glucose levels.
What is regular insulin?
The time required to elicit a therapeutic response.
What is the onset of action?
This field of study explains why two patients taking the same drug at the same dose may have completely different therapeutic responses or risks of adverse effects due to inherited differences in drug‑metabolizing enzymes.
What is pharmacogenomics?
This continuous cognitive process underlies every step of the nursing process and requires questioning, analyzing, and synthesizing information.
What is clinical reasoning or critical thinking?
Medications that should not be administered with opioids.
What are other central nervous system depressants? (ex. first generation antihistamines, sedatives, antidepressants, alcohol)
An overdose or toxic levels of this medication is rare, but if it occurs can cause Thyroid Storm.
What is Levothyroxine (Synthroid)?
This medication decreases hepatic glucose production and can leave a metallic taste in the patients mouth.
What is Metformin?
This insulin is meant for basal coverage for type 1 diabetes and can last up to 42 hours.
What is Degludec (Tresiba)?
Replacing or adding something the body does not produce enough of on its own.
What is supplemental therapy?
The route of administration when medications are given in the ear.
What is the otic route?
This is the phase of the nursing process the nurse is working in when they check back on a client after giving glucagon following an episode of extreme hypoglycemia.
What is evaluation?
This centrally acting analgesic is both a weak mu‑opioid agonist and an inhibitor of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake.
What is tramadol?
Side effects of this medication include breast tenderness and fluid retention; adverse effects include abnormal clot formation (DVT, PE, MI).
What is Estradiol (Estrogen)?
This diabetic medication is contraindicated in patients that have a sulfa allergy.
What is Sulfonylureas (example: glipizide).
Regular insulin and NPH insulin are prescribed for the same time. This insulin should be drawn up first.
What is regular insulin?
The pharmacokinetic event impacted by slowed gastric emptying.
What is absorption?
The healthcare provider prescribes somatropin 0.2mg/kg/week SQ. The part of this prescription that should be clarified with the provider.
What is SQ? (Use SUBQ or subcutaneous(ly)
“Street” drugs, alcohol use, and herbal products are considered part of this.
What is a client's medication profile?
The client should take less than 3000-4000 mg over 24 hours of this medication to prevent toxicity.
What is acetaminophen?
This medication can be used to treat a condition characterized by excessive urination and inability to concentrate urine due to lack of ADH.
What is vasopressin?
The side effects of this class of medications include genital yeast infection, urinary tract infection, and increased urination.
What are Sodium Glucose Cotransporter Inhibitors? (Canagliflozin, Empagliflozin)
The two types of insulin can be given as sliding scale insulin.
What are lispro (rapid) and regular insulin?
The time required to reach its maximum therapeutic response.
What is peak?
The part of pharmacokinetics that may be impacted with decreased renal function.
What is excretion?
This is the part of the CJMM is the nurse using when asking about allergies prior to medication administration.
What is recognizing cues?
(Ask about medication allergies, food allergies, environmental allergies, previous reactions, and allergy severity)
When administered with opioids, this first-generation antihistamine can increase central nervous system depression and significantly increase the risk of respiratory depression and overdose.
What is diphenhydramine?
Adverse effects of this medication include pancreatitis and cholelithiasis.
What is ocreotide?
This medication stimulates rapid insulin secretion.
What is repaglinide?
These are potential side effects of insulin administration.
What are hypoglycemia and weight gain?