Ventilation, Diffusion, Perfusion
Oxygenation & Respiration
Control of Breathing
Acid-Base & Compensation
100

What is the term for airflow into and out of the lungs?

Ventilation

100

What protein in RBCs binds with O2

Hemoglobin

100

What part of the brain controls involuntary breathing?

Medulla oblongata.

100

What is the normal blood pH range?

7.35-7.45

200

What process involves oxygen moving from the alveoli into the capillaries?

Diffusion

200

What term describes a decrease in oxygen levels in the blood?

Hypoxemia

200

What gas primarily controls the drive to breathe?

CO2

200

What organ system works alongside the respiratory system to maintain acid-base balance over a more extended period?

Renal System (Kidneys)

300

What condition results when ventilation and perfusion are mismatched?

V/Q mismatch.

300

A patient had a normal RR but is cyanotic. What could be wrong?

Inadequate oxygenation despite breathing, V/Q mismatch, anemia, PE, etc.

300

What effect does a narcotic OD have on breathing?

Depresses the medulla- Respiratory depression.

300

A pt with DKA is breathing rapidly. What is this called, and why?

Kussmaul respirations- respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis.

400

Name something that would impair perfusion at the cellular level.

Shock, hypovolemia, PE, etc.

400

Name two conditions that can limit oxygenation.

Anemia, COPD, pneumonia, etc.

400

How does the Hering-Breuer reflex protect the lungs?

Prevents overinflation by sending stretch receptor signals to inhibit inspiration.

400

In a pt with metabolic alkalosis, what would the respiratory system likely do to help compensate?

Decrease the respiratory rate to retain CO2 and lower pH.

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