Principles of development
Match the correct pair of developmental direction.
1. Caudal before cephalad
2. Strength before length
3. Lateral before medial control
4. Flexor tone befor extensor tone
Flexor tone before extensor tone
True or False: Cadence increases with age
False
Cadence decreases with age
When performing the Muscle Function Scale (MFS) Strength test on a 4 month old with torticollis, the patient is able to lift his head above the horizontal line but below 45 degrees. What classification on the MFS scale would this patient receive for cervical lateral flexor strength?
0/5
2/5
3/5
5/5
3/5
You are evaluating a 4 month old baby for physical therapy. What skill would you expect this child to demonstrate at this age?
Sits without support
In supine, holds head in midline
Pull to sit with complete head lag
Pivot prone
In supine, holds head in midline
The four R’s of Trauma Informed Care are:
Realize, Recognize, Respond, Resist Re-traumatization
Recognize, Respond, Revisit, Realize
Realize, Recognize, Resist Re-traumatization, Reward
Recongize, Resist Re-traumatization, Reward, Respond
Realize, Recognize, Respond, Resist Re-traumatization
Which of the following is NOT a prerequisite for gait
Stability in stance
Base of Support
Pre-position of the foot in terminal swing
Clearance in Swing
Base of Support
Which of the following is an example of a critical period of development?
Binocular vision
Music skills
Neural tube development
Secondary Language
Neural tube development
Critical period= begins and ends abruptly; describes a period beyond which a phenomenon will not appear/develop
A child presents to your clinic at 3 years old with a diagnosis idiopathic toe walking. His ankle dorsiflexion passive range of motion is between 0 and 5 degrees. According to the Cincinnati Children’s guidelines, what would be the treatment recommendation for this patient?
Serial casting
Articulated AFO and Night Splinting
Night splinting and serial casting
Physical therapy without bracing
Night splinting and serial casting
<0 degrees: Serial casting
0-5 degrees: Night splinting 4-6 months, if no gain, then serial cast
5-10 degrees: Articulated AFO and/or night splinting
>/= 10 degrees: Articulated AFO and/or night splinting
Deformational plagiocephaly is defined as:
A disproportionately long and narrow skull associated with prematurity
A parallelogram shape of the skull with ipsilateral occipital flattening and contralateral occipital bossing or bulging
A disproportionately wide skull with central occipital flattening
Distortion of the shape of the skull due to pre- and post-natal mechanical forces placed on the skull
A parallelogram shape of the skull with ipsilateral occipital flattening and contralateral occipital bossing or bulging
Let's review the other definitions!
Transition planning out of early intervention services occurs at what age?
1.5 years
3 years
2.5 years
3.5 years
2.5 years
Jake is a 20 month old male who presents to physical therapy with developmental delay of motor skills. He began walking around 16 months and is not yet walking up the stairs, although he can creep upstairs. What would be the best outcome measure to utilize on your initial evaluation?
Bruininks Osteretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2)
Peabody Developmental Motor Scale (PDMS-3)
Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS)
Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP)
Peabody Developmental Motor Scale (PDMS-3)
Ages: 0-5 years old
A 4-year-old child is seen in physical therapy for toe walking. The child has normal development and a normal neurological exam. Which finding is most consistent with idiopathic toe walking?
1. Increased muscle tone and reflexes in the legs
2. Fixed ankle plantarflexion contracture
3. Ability to walk with heels down when asked
4. Significant balance and coordination difficulties
Ability to walk with heels down when asked
A baby is born prematurely at 28 weeks gestation. They are now 8 months old. What is their corrected age in months?
3 months
4 months
5 months
6 months
5 months
Let's break it down!