Fetal Alcohol Syndrome 101
What three facial features are commonly associated with FAS?
Smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, small palpebral fissures
What is a common fine motor delay seen in children with FAS?
Immature grasp patterns
What intervention supports attention by managing sensory input throughout the day?
Sensory diet
What age range is the critical window for neuroplasticity?
The first 3 years of life
What sensory triggers upset Dion?
Loud sounds, tactile stimuli like Play-Doh
FAS is part of this broader diagnostic umbrella.
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)
Describe one social-emotional challenge associated with FAS.
Difficulty forming peer relationships, irritability, or poor frustration tolerance
Give an example of a self-care skill that OTs may target in children with FAS.
Dressing, toileting, feeding, or hygiene
Where should OT services be delivered for the best generalization?
In natural environments (e.g., home, daycare)
What delays in ADLs does Dion demonstrate?
Not toilet trained, struggles with dressing, spills drinks
True or False: Facial features are required for an FAS diagnosis
False – they are beneficial but not required if other criteria are met
How might cognitive impairments affect classroom performance?
Difficulty with multi-step directions, poor problem-solving, and distractibility
What is one strategy to support co-regulation at home?
Predictable routines, sensory-friendly spaces, or behavior strategies
True or False: Early diagnosis of FAS is common.
False – many children go undiagnosed early
What type of motor delay does Dion experience?
Low muscle tone, poor core control
What percent of children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) show atypical sensory responses?
Over 70%
What sensory behaviors might indicate vestibular processing challenges?
Seeking or avoiding movement, difficulty with postural stability
Name one environmental adaptation for mealtime success.
Non-slip mat, weighted utensils, structured seating
How does play-based intervention help with FAS?
Supports motor, sensory, and behavioral development in a developmentally appropriate way
Write one COAST goal for Dion related to dressing.
Example: "Dion will independently put on a T-shirt with verbal cues 4/5 times during morning routine within 8 weeks."
Name two types of CNS abnormalities seen in children with FAS.
Structural (e.g., microcephaly), functional (e.g., developmental delay), or neurological (e.g., poor coordination)
Why is early dysregulation a concern for long-term development?
It is linked to later mental health vulnerabilities
Why is family collaboration essential in OT for children with FAS?
Enhances carryover, builds caregiver confidence, and supports consistency in routines
Name two professionals an OT might collaborate with in early intervention.
SLP, PT, educators
What environmental or behavioral support might help Dion stay seated during circle time?
Reduce distractions, use of fidget tools, visual schedules