OKAY!
Foods high in Phosphate
-Chicken, Turkey, Pork, Organ Meats, Seafood, Dairy, Sunflower Seeds, Nuts, Whole grains
Normal Hematocrit
M: 42%-52%
F: 36%-48%
Normal Values for all Electrolytes:
Phosphate, Chloride, Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium, Calcium
Phosphate: 2.7-4.5
Chloride: 96-106
Sodium: 135-145
Potassium: 3.5-5
Magnesium: 1.8-2.6
Calcium: 8.2-10.2
Main symptom dealing with Fluid Volume Excess
Distended Neck Veins
Foods high in Sodium
Herbs, spices, sodas, canned foods, ketchup, mustard
Isotonic Solutions
0.9% NS
D5W
LR
5% Dextrose in 0.225% Saline
What is the main thing you monitor for Hypovolemia?
And what do you use to treat Hypovolemia?
Daily Weight
Treat with isotonic solutions
Which electrolyte do u not push?
K+
If phosphate increases, what electrolyte decreases? And what kind of binding antacids are used to help treat Hyperphosphatemia?
Calcium will Decrease
Calcium-Binding Antacids & Phosphate-Binding gels or Antacids (Calcium Acetate)
What type of meds do you use to treat Hypervolemia?
Also give examples
Diuretics (Furosemide, Demamex, Microside)
What kind of med do you use to treat hypercalcemia?
Calcitonin
What is the main thing you worry about when it comes to sodium imbalances?
Seizures
If you administer glucose or insulin in a client, it can drop what electrolyte level?
Phosphorus
What problem can someone have if they drink A LOT of alcohol?
Hint: If they rapidly feed a starving client, this can ultimately occur
Hypophospahtemia
Which lab finding would indicate possible dehydration?
A) Decreased Serum Sodium
B) Decreased Serum Osmolarity
C) Increase in urine specific gravity
D) Decrease BUN
C) Increase in urine specific gravity
What electrolyte problems have the S/S areflexia? (What Terry be doing)
Hypermagnesemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypokalemia
Which electrolyte problems can cause kidney stones?
Hypercalcemia
Hypophosphatemia
Which of the assessment findings could indicate a client has a magnesium level of 2.7 mEq/L?
A) Trousseau's
B) Twitching
C) Tetany
D) Hyporeflexia
D) Hyporeflexia
Clients with hypernatremia will complain about what?
Thirst
Electrolyte imbalances that lead to positive Chvostek and Trousseau signs
hypomagnesemia
hypocalcemia
Which would be the priority assessment finding to report to the healthcare provider in a client with a calcium level of 7.1 mg/dL?
A) Hypoactive bowel sounds.
B) Weakness, malaise with lethargy.
C) Facial twitching with tapping on the facial nerve.
D) Constipation
C) Facial twitching with tapping on the facial nerve.
Which imbalances lead to dysrhythmias?
hypercalcemia
hyperkalemia
hypokalemia
hypomagnesemia
hypochloremia
Mr. Ken has a BUN of 23 and creatinine level of 1.5. What do you expect assessment findings to be?
Course Rales bilateral in lungs
Weight increase by 3 lbs over night
Urine output of 200 mL in 8 hr shift
JVD
All that require seizure watch
Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocloremia
Pt is hypokalemia and is vomiting and has diarrhea. He is on D5W. Sodium is at 132. What are interventions?
Place on telemetry
Change to NS