As a noun in a sentence, we use________.
gerunds OR infinitives
gerunds
TRUE or FALSE: Gerunds and infinitives are used in all tenses.
TRUE
I'm sure you're all glad ______ early again for classes today. (wake up)
to wake up
Since a young age, Viktor went _______________ (skating) in the streets.
Since a young age, Viktor went skating in the streets.
I would like __________ (discover) more
a. expressive b. amazing c. dignified
Mexican cities one day even though I don't love _____ (eat) spicy food.
I would like to discover more amazing
Mexican cities one day even though I don't love eating spicy food.
We use ____ after adjectives.
gerunds OR infinitives
infinitives
used as NOUNS, after some verbs and most prepositions
Make a sentence with a gerund using the following picture.
Smoking is terrible for our lungs.
Yevgeny has always been interested ________________ (draw), but he was afraid ___________ (tell) his parents.
Yevgeny has always been interested in drawing, but he was afraid to tell his parents.
OR ... afraid of telling his parents.
Yevgeny looked forward _______ (see) his mom in her ____________ green dress.
a. noble b. memorable c. marvelous
Yevgeny looked forward to seeing his mom in her marvelous green dress.
True or False.
Gerunds are considered as singular nouns (so they take a singular verb)
True
After what kinds of verbs do we need to use a BARE infinitive?
after MODAL verbs
(can, should, would, etc)
Yevgeny put off _____________ (tell) his parents that he wanted ___________ (be) an artist.
Yevgeny put off telling his parents that he wanted to be an artist.
The stage was so ___________ly bright
a. dazzling b. memorable c. expressive
that Yevgeny wanted ___________ (close) his eyes.
The stage was so dazzlingly bright that Yevgeny wanted to close his eyes.
a. amazingly b. strictly c. dignified
forbidden _____________ (say) negative things about life in the USSR.It was strictly forbidden to say negative things about life in the USSR.
For purpose or reason, we use ___.
gerunds OR infinitives
infinitives
Is there a rule for knowing when to use a GERUND or INFINITIVE after certain verbs?
NO :(
Misha looked _______________
a. strictly b. fierce c. striking
when he breezed onto the stage _______________ (do) his performance.
Misha looked striking when he breezed onto the stage to do his performance.
Most students can't stand ________________ (be) off their phones for more than a few minutes, which ___________
a. gushes b. manner c. interrupts
their learning.
Most students can't stand being (OR to be) off their phones for more than a few minutes, which interrupts their learning.
Mom continued __________ (interrupt) the policeman even though it was ______________.
a. forbidden b. fierce c. fabulous
Mom continued interruping (to interrupt) the policeman even though it was forbidden.
How do you spell shop as a gerund?
shoPPing
What kinds of verbs follow like/love/continue/try/stand or hate?
Either a gerund or infinitive
Ballet dancers learn ______________ (walk) in a ____________ manner from an early age.
a. striking b. noble c. memorable
Ballet dancers learn to walk in a noble manner from an early age.
Complete:
Misha had very _____________ eyes
a. strictly b. expressive c. dignified
that he used ________ (show) deep emotions.
Misha had very expressive eyes that he used to show his deep emotions.
Mom was _______________
a. striking b. marvelous c. astonishing
______________ (do) her job, so her dancers were always prepared.
Mom was marvelous at doing her job, so her dancers were always prepared.