Classical Conditioning
This is a stimulus that, before conditioning, does not naturally bring about a response of interest
Neutral stimulus
The process by which a stimulus increases the probability that a preceding behavior will be repeated
Reinforcement
This is a type of learning of behavior from another person or model
Observational learning
This theory states that the more a person analyzes a statement, the more likely they are to remember it later
Levels-of-processing theory
A progressive brain disorder that leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in cognitive abilities is known as
Alzheimer's disease
This person developed the principles of classical conditioning
Ivan Pavlov
This type of punishment weakened a response by applying an unpleasant stimulus
Positive punishment
In this type of learning, a new behavior is learned but is not shown until appropriate reinforcement is presented
Latent
A chunk (7 items, plus or minus 2)
Amnesia in which memory is lost for occurrences prior to a certain event, but not for new events.
Retrograde amnesia
This is a stimulus that naturally brings about a particular response without having been learned
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)
Thorndike formulated this law that states that responses that lead to satisfying consequences are more likely to be repeated
Law of Effect
This type of learner is focused on detail, can learn materials that are impersonal, and has a good memory for abstract ideas
Analytical learning style
The transfer of material from short- to long-term memory proceeds largely on the basis of
rehearsal
The loss of information in your memory because you didn't use it is called
Decay
The reemergence of an extinguished conditioned response after a period of time and with no further conditioning is known as
Spontaneous recovery
John had a rough day and his daughter's singing was not helping him relax. Not wanting to resort to scolding, John told his daughter in a serious tone that he was very tired and asked her to not sing for the next hour. This approach worked. For John, the change is his daughter's behavior was considered
Negatively reinforcing
Students with this type of learning style master material best through understanding the "big picture" about something
Relational learning style
Knowing that George Washington was the first president of the United States is an example of what kind of memory?
Declarative memory
Forgetting that occurs when there are insufficient retrieval cues to rekindle information that is in the memory is know as
Cue-dependent forgetting
Your response to a stimulus decreases after repeated presentations of that same stimulus. This is know as
Habituation
Sometimes used in the treatment of psychological disorders for those who are institutionalized. It's a reward for showing desired behavior.
Token systems
This is a neural indicator of motor activity in the brain
Mu Activity
Certain neural pathways become easily excited while new responses are being learned. This is called...
Long-term potentiation
You have two big exams in psychology classes that you are studying for. You made the mistake of studying for your social psych exam right before your health psych exam and forgot what you needed to know for the health psych exam. What might this be an example of?
Retroactive interference