UNIT 1 (TENSES AND ASPECT)
How many types of verbs are there in English?
3: auxiliary verbs, modal verbs and full verbs
The Past Simple always roots the action to the....
Past!
Mention at least three tenses that we use in the narrative tenses
Simple past, past continuous, present perfect, past perfect, past perfect continuous
What is the difference between what and which?
Which is used when we have limited options
What is used when we are not thinking of a limited number of choices
Used to make predictions without evidence
will
Mention the three auxiliary verbs.
be, do and have
The present perfect always has a link with...
the present!
What do we use the simple past for?
Main events!
"What is X like?"
Used to talk about timetables
Simple present
What is the "simple" aspect in English?
It describes an action or fact that is seen to be permanent, repeated and consistent.
What is the difference between these two sentences?
"I lived in Rome"
"I´ve lived in Rome, Paris and New York"
"I´ve been living in New Yor for ten years"
I lived in Rome is a finished action, I don´t live there anymore.
I´ve lived in Rome, Paris and New York is connected to my present, I know them all
I´ve been living in New York for ten years is linked to my present, it emphasises that I still live there now
What do we use the past continuous for?
The background, the details
When we want to be a little more formal, polite... we don´t use inversion, we ask at the beginning and at the end we use a regular sentence
Used to talk about plans and intentions
Be going to
What is the "continuous" aspect in English?
It expresses the ongoing nature of an activity. We are aware of the passing of time between the beginning and the end of the activity. This activity is not permanent.
Mention the three main uses of the present perfect
unfinished past, present result and indefinite past
How do we interrupt an activity? Mention the two tenses and which interrupts the other
We use the past continuous and the simple past; the pst continuous is always the longer action and the simple past is always the one that interrupts
What happens in subject questions (in present and past)?
We donpt use an auxiliary verb, we go straight to the main verb in the tense that we need
Used to talk about arrangements
Present continuous
What is the "perfect" aspect in English?
It expresses two ideas: an action completed before another time and it refers to an idefinite time.
"She´s been to Spain"
"She´s gone to Spain"
She´s been to Spain refers to "at some time in her life"
She´s gone to Spain refers to "and she is there now"
What do we use the past perfect for?
To look back to a time in the past and refer to an action that happened before then
Nothing! One is british english and the other is american
COMPLETE NAMES AND STRUCTURE
future perfect (will + have + past participle)