RNA vs DNA
Cell Cycle
Protein Synthesis
Mutations
100
What is one difference between DNA and RNA?
RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded
RNA contains uracil instead of thymine
DNA has deoxyribose while RNA has ribose
100
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase
100
What are the two steps of protein synthesis in order?
1. Transcription, 2. Translation
100
What is a mutation?
Random error or change in DNA.
200
True or False. If false, state why the statement is false
DNA can leave the nucleus.
False. DNA cannot leave the nucleus because it is too big.
200
What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle?
DNA replicates
200
What is produced from transcription?
mRNA
200
What causes mutations to occur?
Errors in DNA replication
Mutagens- chemicals, viruses, radiation, etc.
300
When synthesizing a complementary strand during DNA replication, what would pair with the DNA sequence ATC CCG
TAC GGC
300
Why does DNA need to replicated before cell division?
To ensure genetic continuity. All cells have the same genetic information.
300
What is produced from translation?
Protein or polypeptide
300
Which type of mutation has occurred?
Original DNA: ATC CCA GGT
Mutated DNA:ATC CAG GT
Deletion
400
If there is 5% Guanine, what percentage of the DNA would be composed of Thymine?
45%
400
What is semi-conservative replication?
Half of the DNA is conserved and used as a template to form the complementary strand.
400
How does tRNA know where to deliver the correct amino acid?
The anticodon pairs with the corresponding codon on mRNA to transfer the correct amino acid.
400
What is a possible outcome of an insertion mutation?
Frameshift
Silent= no change
Missense= Premature stop
Nonsense= changes amino acid made
500
Which molecule is pictured below? How do we know?
RNA because it is single-stranded and contains uracil
500
Which picture accurately depicits semi-conservative replication?
A B C
B
500
Translate the following sequence of DNA codon. TAT
Isoleucine or Ile
500
How does the location of mutation in a codon affect the outcome?
Mutations that occur in the first base of the codon are more likely to affect the amino acid sequence than mutations that occur in the third base of the codon.
Can lead to an early stop or change in amino acid.