Intro Unit
What is cartography?
The study of maps and mapmaking
What is demography?
The study of populations and population growth
What is a CBD?
A central business district
What is culture?
A group of belief systems, norms, and values practiced by a people
What is a vector disease?
A disease that must be introduced into the bloodstream by an outside agent (like a mosquito)
What is globalization?
The spread of goods, businesses, and cultures across geographic and national borders
What are the world's four population clusters?
Europe, South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia
What is the difference between emigrants and immigrants?
Emigrant: Leaves their country
Immigrant: Enters a new country
What is a cultural hearth?
An area where new ideas and innovations spring up and spread to other parts of the world
What is urbanization?
The process by which regions and cities grow in population
Name and define the three types of regions
Formal: One or more physical or cultural characteristics define this region
Perceptual: Designed to help us the nature and distribution of ideas or cultural traits
Functional: Defined by a particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it
What are push/pull factors?
Factors that influence people leaving an area (push) or going to another, new area (pull)
What are the differences between cyclic movement, periodic movement, and migration?
Cyclic Movement: Journey that begins at home and involves shorter periods of time away from home before returning
Periodic Movement: Journey that begins at home and lasts for longer periods of time, but does return home
Migration: Permanent relocation across significant distances
What is the difference between material and non-material culture?
Material culture focuses on material goods (like clothing), whereas non-material culture focuses on ideas and beliefs
What is glocalization?
The process by which global brands/ideas are changed to suit local cultures
Define the three different types of diffusion
Hierarchical: Popular/Influential people start a trend and then others adopt it
Stimulus: When a new culture receives a cultural trait in a new/unique form
Relocation: People physically moving and taking their culture with them
What are the three population growth shapes and what do they mean?
Xmas Tree: Young, Growing Population
Box: A stable population with little growth
Cup: Negative population growth
What is distance decay in migration?
The idea that prospective migrants have more complete perspectives of places closer to their home
What is the difference between folk culture and popular culture?
Folk culture is generally specific to small groups and small areas (not widely known), pop culture is widely/globally known and impacts large groups of people
What is the connection between trade, technology, and city growth?
Trade leads to new technology which leads to city growth
What are the 5 themes of geography and their definitions?
Region: The similar physical conditions and common cultural traits of an area
Place: Human and Physical Features of an area
Movement: How people travel in an area and what ideas are exchanged
Human-Environment Interaction:People adapting to and/or changing the environment of an area
Location: Where an area is, both absolutely and in relative terms
Why did China start the One-Child Policy?
The government was afraid it would not be able to support the growing population
Name and define 2 of the city models we talked about
Concentric Zone Model (cities develop in circles, with the CBD being the center and other areas like suburbs orbit around it)
Multiple Nuclei Model (multiple CBDs occur within a single city)
Keno Capitalism (cities develop randomly)
Sector Model (Cities develop in sectors, with different sectors being responsible for different parts of city growth/business (industrial,commercial, residential, etc.)
What is the difference between assimilation and acculturation?
Assimilation is when a dominant culture absorbs a minority culture and the customs of the minority culture are lost and acculturation is when a dominant culture absorbs traits from a minority culture without losing the customs of the minority culture
What does ZPG mean?
Zero Population Growth