Participle Facts
True or False: All verbs have Perfect Passive Participles
False! Some verbs have Perfect Active Participles instead
PPP or PAP: precatus
PAP! Having prayed
Name the four principle parts of a verb.
Present, infinitive, perfect, PPP
What does the vocative case signify?
(Remember, I'm looking for a specific phrase)
Person Addressed
fons
Fountain, spring
What does the word "participle" actually mean?
An adjective taken from a verb
Translate: sedens
Sitting - present participle
Translate: dare
To give
Dative and ablative plural
-is, -is, -ibus
Aquae Sulis
The Waters of Sulis
Bath
How do you know a verb's PPP?
It's the fourth principle part
servi, a domino laudati, laeti erant
Who did the praising?The master
Translate: amavisti
You (have) loved
Translate: Temples (accusative plural)
templa
gravis
Serious
a + ablative
Translate: having been loved (feminine nominative plural)
amatae
Translate: erat
He/she/it was
Translate: mercatorum
Of the merchants
fur
Thief
True or False: All participles go like bonus (2nd and 1st declensions)
False! Present participles go like ingens (3rd declension)
Several PAPs share the same ending, which implies movement. What is the ending?
-gressus
(ingressus, regressus, progressus)
Translate: You (pl) had given
dederatis
If a noun ends in -i, there are four possible combinations of number, case and declension it could be. Name 3 such combinations
1) 2nd declension, genitive singular
2) 2nd declension, nominative plural
3) 2nd declension, vocative plural
4) 3rd declension, dative singular
quam (give 2 possibilities)
Which
How...
As...as possible