Endocrine 1
What is the target organ of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone?
Anterior Pituitary Gland
What connects the Hypothalamus to the Pituitary glands?
They Hypothalamic-Hypophyseal Portal system
What is blood made of?
55% Plasma
1% buffy coat
44% leukocytes
What does the P wave represent?
Atrial depolarization, initiated by the SA node
What is ischemia?
a restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen
What are the effects of oxytocin?
Promotes milk ejection and uterine contractions
What are the 3 types of pancreatic islet cells and what are their functions?
Alpha- glucagon
Beta- insulin
Delta- somatostatin (inhibits both insulin and glucagon)
What are the granulocytes?
Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils
What does P-R segment represent?
Atrial depolarization complete complete and the impulse is delayed at the AV node
What is Bradycardia?
heart rate lower than the normal resting rate
What hormones do the pancreas produce?
Insulin, Glucagon, and Somatostatin
What are the zones of the Adrenal Gland? (Superficial to Deep)
Capsule
Zona Glomerulosa
Zona Fasciculata
Zona reticularis
Adrenal Medulla
What are the agranulocytes?
Lymphocytes and Monocytes
What does the QRS complex represent?
Ventricular depolarization begins at apex. Atrial repolarization is being masked.
What is fibrillation?
a quivering or irregular heartbeat
What does Calcitonin target?
Bones, kidneys
What are the functions of each zone of the Adrenal Glands?
Zona Glomerulosa : Aldosterone
Zona Fasciculata: Cortisol
Zona Reticularis: Cortisol and androgenic steroids
Adrenal Medulla: epinephrine and norepinephrine
How does blood flow into and out of the heart? (Where does it come in and get pumped to body, etc)
What does the ST segment represent?
Ventricular depolarization is complete
What are the pacemaker cells?
SA node, AV node, and Purkinje fibers
What hormone regulates biological rhythms and promotes sleep?
Melatonin
Where would you find the thymus?
Above the heart and between the lungs
What is tachycardia?
heart rate exceeding the normal resting rate
What does the T wave represent?
Ventricular repolarization begins at apex
How does the heart make sure that the ventricles fill completely and contract at the same time?
AV node delay