This title refers to the leader of the Catholic Church
The Pope
The action or process of settling among and establishing control over the indigenous people of an area
Colonization
Principles that declared all non-Christian lands "discoverable" by imperial powers
The Doctrine of Discovery
An umbrella term used by many Indigenous communities on Turtle Island (so-called North America) to describe people with diverse gender identities, gender expressions, gender roles, and sexual orientations.
Two-Spirit
A palace in Rome that serves as the headquarters for the Roman Catholic Church
The Vatican
People or nations who take control of a territory that is not their own, especially using force, and send others to live there
Colonizers
According to the Doctrine of Discovery, new territories had to be unknown to this group of people.
Europeans
The meaning of the word "nehiyaw"
An official document, order, or proclamation issued by the Pope
Papal bull
To deprive someone of land, property, resources, or other possessions
According to the Doctrine of Discovery, new territories had to be unoccupied by this religious group.
Christians
The meaning of the word "nehiyawewin"
Cree language
Imperial powers had a religious responsibility to win what for the Catholic Church?
New territories
The supreme and absolute authority within territorial boundaries, OR the ability of a state to govern its territory free from the control of its internal affairs by other states
Sovereignty
The Doctrine of Discovery has been used for centuries to justify this.
Christian colonial conquest
A common Ojibwe greeting that means "hello" or "hi"
Aanii
The doctrine that the Pope, acting as supreme teacher and under certain conditions, cannot err when he teaches in matters of faith or morals.
Papal infallibility
Land or territory belonging to Indigenous peoples that has not been given up to a colonizing group or government
Unceded
The Doctrine of Discovery advanced the idea that European peoples, cultures, and religion were ________ to all others.
Superior
The meaning of the word "iskwēwak"
Women, givers of life