People/Groups
Key dates
Events/Conditions
Challenges (new regimes)
Key Documents
100

A liberal noble who challenged Louis XVI at the Assembly of the Notables and became a hero of 1789; head of the National Guard

The Marquis de Lafayette

100

The storming of the Bastille

July 14 1789

100

An event in June of 1905, triggered by officers with a liking for corporal punishment and the serving of maggot-ridden meat to mistreated sailors. 

The sailors, inspired by civilian uprisings in the cities, rebelled and killed or expelled the ship's officers

The Potemkin Mutiny

100

The key economic factor that contributed to revolutionary action by the urban workers of Paris and peasants

The harvest crisis and food shortages

100

This document served as a forerunner to all three revolutionary constitutions and a cornerstone document for political clubs and movements. It also set goals and standards for subsequent national governments – standards that were ignored and trampled on during the radical phase of the revolution

The Declaration of Rights and Man and Citizens

200

I was a minor aristocrat of Polish birth who oversaw the Bolshevik party’s much-feared security agencies, the Cheka and the OGPU

Felix Dzerzhinsky

200

Lenin’s arrival at the Finland Station in Petrograd

April 16 1917

200

This pre-Revolutionary condition is characterized by an absence of democracy, inefficient and corrupt public service, military based on privilege, a conservative church resistant to change, a system that was not sustainable, all controlled by one man

Institutional Weakness

200

the idea that governments derive their authority from the consent and support of the people, not from God 

Popular sovereignty 

200

Law passed by the National Convention to streamline revolutionary justice, denying the accused any effective right to self-defense and eliminating all sentences other than acquittal or death 

Law of 22 Prairal II

300

Political party that won support from peasants with promises of land reform but ultimately left in the ‘dustbin of history’ by the Bolsheviks seizure of power in October 1917

The Mensheviks

300

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk is signed, withdrawing Russia from the First World War, ceding much of the former territory of the Russian Empire

March 3 1918

300

Prompted by bankruptcy, this helped spark a pamphlet war and prompted the ‘Cahiers de’, igniting public debate about popular sovereignty and the role of the Third Estate

The calling of the Estates-General

300

the expulsion of the Girondin Government from June 1793, where people rose up against what they perceived to be a centralised governing power in Paris

Federalist revolts

300

From this document: We call on all true sons of Russia to remember the homeland, to help put a stop to this unprecedented unrest and, together with this, to devote all their strength to the restoration of peace to their native land

The October Manifesto 

400

Played a role in the 1905 revolution but were most critical in the February 1917 revolution when they came out in support of the striking workers and sealed the fate of the tsarist regime.

Played a key role in October 1917, joining the Bolsheviks in the seizure of power

The Soviets OR  

Workers Councils OR

Petrograd Soviet

400

The Women’s March to Versailles

October 5 1789

400

A monumental test for the tsarist regime which it failed utterly, resulting in it losing the support of almost every social group and institution in the empire and, ultimately, prompting Tsar Nicholas II’s abdication

Russia’s involvement in WW1

400

dioceses were redrawn in line with state administrative divisions, clergy were to be paid by the state according to a new salary scale, and priests and bishops were to be elected by citizens

Reforms to the church 

400

From this document: 10. Total administrative power belongs to the Sovereign Emperor throughout the entire Russian State. At the highest level of administration His authority is direct; at subordinate levels of administration He entrusts a certain degree of power, in conformity with the law, to the proper agencies or officials, who act in His name and in accordance with His orders…

The Fundamental Laws of 1906

500

Established by, and operated under, the Constitution of 1791, this groups was the second phase of the French Revolution. It replaced the National Constituent Assembly, which had been responsible for drafting the new constitution

The Legislative Assembly

500

Massacre at Champs le Mar

17 July 1971

500

This event on this date demonstrated that the common people of France were prepared to act violently for political purposes – this time in defence of the Parlements

The Day of Tiles

7 June 1788

500

introduced socialist policies that aimed to modernise social and cultural life in Russia, including banning religion; brought in an eight-hour day for workers, as well as unemployment pay and pensions; and passed initiatives in education and women’s rights 

The New Decrees issued by the Sovnarkom

500

From this document: To these important interests should be added another aim equally important and very close to the hearts of the two sovereigns: namely, to put an end to the anarchy in the interior of France, to check the attacks upon the throne and the altar, to reestablish the legal power, to restore to the king the security and the liberty of which he is now deprived, and to place him in a position to exercise once more the legitimate authority which belongs to him

The Brunswick Manifesto

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