Chemistry 101
The smallest unit of matter.
Atom
The three states of water.
liquid, vapor, ice
or
solid, liquid, gas
___________ increases with ocean depth.
(Hint, this is what Ms. Moore is under a lot of the time)
Pressure.
This compound is a common solute in seawater
Salt or NaCl
The measure of the concentration of salt.
Salinity
Protons and neutrons form the _______ of the atom.
Nucleus
Ice is _______ dense than liquid water.
Less
What is isothermal and what is stratified?
The Ocean is stratified at the equator and isothermal at the poles.
Increase of salinity leads to the increase of what?
Density
What are the effects of ocean acidification?
Break down of calcium carbonate (shells, exoskeletons, etc)
Higher mortality rate of larvae
Change in marine life's behavior
Change in organism's internal chemistry.
A charged particle. Salt (NaCl) is an example of this.
Ion
This property of water where the molecules on the top layer are able to better resist external forces is called this. This property also allows animals such as the Basilisk lizard to walk (or run) on water.
Surface Tension
Whales use this to communicate across distances. (Hint: it travels 4.5x faster in water than it does through air)
Sound
Carbon
Oceans are able to regulate climate due to this property of water.
Heat capacity
Positive, Negative
Rapid change in Density is called what?
What is Pycnocline.
What is sublimation?
What is a change from solid to gas with no intermediate liquid stage.
Dissolved gases in seawater will often reflect the concentration of gases in the atmosphere. This means that if oxygen increases in the atmosphere it will also __________ in seawater.
Increase
How do trace elements become introduced to the marine environment?
hydrothermal vents
run-off
precipitation
pollution or human inputs
The attraction between one water molecule to another is known as this.
Hydrogen bonding
The amount of energy required to raise a mass of substance one degree Celsius.
Specific Heat
The mass of a substance / volume
Hint: The colder the water is, the _________ it becomes.
Density or Denser
Define ocean acidification.
Hint, it has to do with a certain gas.
The increase uptake of CO2, causes the ocean to acidify.
The average salinity level in the ocean is ____ %
3.5%