Injuries
Name one type of injury covered in IGCSE PE
Winding
Muscle Strain or Sprain
Blister
Explain why elevation is used in RICE
slow reduce swelling
slow reduce blood flow to area
reduce pain
allow fluid to move away from injured area
stimulants are a PED , describe the effect on performance using an sport example
increase alertness in 100 meter sprint
Name all the PEDS categories that you need to know for IGCSE
Beta Blockers - reduce anxiety, prevent adrenaline, keep heart rate low
Anabolic Steroids - increase muscle mass, allow harder training, speed up recovery time
Diuretics - increase water passed, reduces weight quickly, mask other PED's
Stimulants - affect the CNS, reduce pain and increase alertness
Explain the acronym RICE.
Rest - stop the activity and prevent further injury
Ice - apply an ice pack to minimise pain and swelling
Compression - wrap the area with compression to decrease swelling
Elevation - keep the injury above heart level to reduce swelling
How is winding caused
a blow to the abdomen from a collision with other performers or being hit
compression
Is caffeine a performance enhancing drug?
yes
Why is blood doping banned by WADA?
It is the misuse of a technique and/or substance to increase a performers red blood cell count
Name four types of predominantly soft-tissue injuries.
Muscular injury
Tendon Injury
Ligament Injury
Dislocation
Knowledge of performance - analysing the quality of your movement or technique (felt good or 'clean')
What is the treatment for winding
loosen clothing, sit in crouched position, take deep slow breaths
Cuts is a minor injury, describe how to treat that
clean and cover ,apply a plaster
blood removed from body
body makes more bloodblood is stored
blood is reintroduced
or syntenthetic substance (EPO) is introduced
List the two levels of risk.
Real risk
Perceived risk
humerus
describe one cause of a muscle injury during a physical activity
overstretching, explosive movements, fatigue, oversuse, poor technique, poor use of equipment, heavy impact
bruises are a typical injury, describe how to treat
apply ice
Suggest why a rugby player would use anabolic steriods
increase muscle mass,
let atheltes train longer, increase power, increase strength
describe the difference between real risk and percieved risk
real risk - risk that actually exists
perceived risk - ones perception of riskname a hinge joint
elbow
knee
What does RICE stand for
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
blisters are a typical injury, describe how to treat
clean, rest, protect
Why would a golfer use beta blockers
reduce anxiety
prevent adrenaline
identify a perceived risk in sailing
many examples
name the largest muscle in the back
latisimus dorsi