Agricultural Revolution & Enclosure Movement
What did crop rotation improve upon?
The medieval three-field system
What is Urbanization?
The movement of people from rural areas to cities.
What countries were involved in the triangular trade?
1. Europe
2. Africa
3. Americas
What is Capitalism?
An economic system where businesses and industries are privately owned and run for profit.
How did the enclosure movement affect farmers?
It fenced off common lands into individual parts
What invention improved textile production?
The Spinning Jenny
The labor that the Enslaved Africans were forced to partake in supplied raw materials for Europe's industries. What material was supplied for British Textile factories, and what materials were consumer goods fueling global demand.
1. cotton
2. sugar and tobacco
What did Capitalism believe in that made it so that the government was not heavily involved?
Laissez-Faire
The enclosure movement created what type of farming?
Scientific Farming
What are the working conditions during industrialization?
Often poor, with long hours, low wages, and unsafe environments.
What three items were produced in Europe and traded in Africa?
2. Textiles
3. Manufactured Items
What is Communism?
What are three of the new farming inventions during this time?
The steel plow, the mechanical reaper, and the cotton gin.
How did cities take care of sewage when sanitation became important?
What had become pillars of Europe's industrial economy?
1. Banks
2. Credit Systems
3. Insurance Companies
There was a class struggle between these two groups who were they?
2. Proletariat (Working-Class)
How did the Agricultural Revolution lead to Urbanization?
Increased agricultural efficiency reduced the need for farm labor, prompting people to migrate to cities for factory work.
What were the two main motives for there to be universal education?
1. better educated people to work specialized jobs in the factories.
2. better educated voters.
Enslaved Africans created new identities and communities under oppression, influencing culture across what?
The Western Hemisphere
All three of the economic theories respond to these two things.
1. Industrialization
2. Rapid Economic Growth