Functional Groups
Esters
Saponification
100
The reagent used to test Aldehydes.
Tollen's Reagent
100
What are THREE properties of Esters?
- Pleasant, fruity Odor
- Colourless Liquid
- Insoluble in Water
bonus: Soluble in Organic Solvents
100
How is Biodiesel Made?
Transesterification
200
Why is no change observed when tertiary alcohols are tested?
They are resistant to oxidation
200
What is the reaction which forms Esters?
Condensation
200
How does the concentration affect the rate of Saponification?
If more alkali is added, the reaction becomes irreversible.
300
-COOH is the functional group for
Carboxylic Acids
300
THREE Uses for Esters
•Flavorings and fragrances.
•Plasticizers.
•Solvents (paints, varnishes).
•Biodiesel production
300
What are the compounds used to make Biodiesel?
Triglycerides and Alcohol
400
what are ketones
Tollen's Reagent, Fehling's Solution and Potassium Dichromate (VI) is used to test for
400
what are plasticizers?
substances that are used to improve the plasticity and flexibility of compounds and reduce their brittleness.
400
What is Saponification?
The alkaline hydrolysis of esters into soap and alcohol.
500
What is the name of the reaction that occurs when Alkenes and Alkynes react with bromine water
An Electrophilic Reaction
500
Draw the Structural Formula for Ethyl Ethanoate
500
Two methods of reducing saponification
•Use supercritical methods (no catalyst).
•Apply solid absorbents or ion-exchange resins post-reaction.