𝐕𝐨𝐜𝐚𝐛𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐲
At the top of the federal court system; decides whether laws are constitutional; has original jurisdiction on cases involving states or foreign diplomats; 9 justices appointed by President with Senate approval; their decisions set precedence.
Supreme Court
The main job of the Judicial Branch
Interpret Laws
This amendment protects people from unreasonable search and seizures
The 4th Amendment
Appointed by the President, with Senate approval
Federal Judges
Established the requirement for law enforcement to inform individuals of their constitutional rights before being arrested
Miranda v. Arizona
A prior court case is used to base decisions of a new court case
Precedent
A check on both the Legislative and Executive branches
Judicial Review
This Amendment guarantees due process and protection against self incrimination. "I plead the fifth"
5th Amendment
Term of Justices
Till retirement, death, or impeachment.
Ended segregation in public schools
Brown v Board of Education
Suit between two private parties or one private party and the government
Civil Dispute
The Supreme Court mainly hears cases that involve this type of issue
Constitutional Issues
This Amendment guarantees the right to an attorney and a fair and speedy trial
6th Amendment
Number of Justices
Created the power of Judicial Review
Marbury vs. Madison
Calendar where accepted court cases go
Docket
Describes the authority of courts to hear only certain types of cases, such as those involving federal laws or disputes between states
Limited Jurisdiction
Presides over court proceedings, acts as spokesperson for the Supreme Court, presides over impeachment trials.
Chief Justice
Upheld the constitutionality of "Separate but equal"
Plessy v Ferguson
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Court order requiring someone to appear in court
Subpoena
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Lower federal courts are created by this branch
Legislative Branch, Congress
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: This Amendment guarantees protection from excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishment.
8th Amendment
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Head of the Justice Department
U.S. Attorney General
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Established that evidence obtained illegally cannot be used against someone in court, "Exclusionary Rule"
Mapp v. Ohio