The Causes
Creole students and Spanish directors of trading companies
When did the Independence movements begin?
During the Spanish wars of Independence, when the colonies refused to accept Joseph II as King of Spain
The consequences of Latin American independence were disastrous for which country?
Spain
Who led the social uprising of Indians and Mestizos in New Spain?
a preist called Hidalgo
Which other Revolutions encouraged colonists to fight for their own freedom?
The American Revolution, The French Revolution and the Spanish War of Independence
What are the 3 Viceroyalties who formed uprisings for Independence?
Viceroyalty of New Spain (Mexico), Viceroyalty of New Granada (Santa Fe de Bogota), Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata (Buenos Aires)
Venezuela, Argentina and Mexico
Who a liberal bourgeois revolution in New Granada which ended with the proclamation of the First Venezuelan Republic?
Simon Bolivar
A descendant of European settlers born in a Spanish, Portuguese or French colony
Which two military victories led to Chile's independence?
Chacabuco and Maipu
Who gained political and economic power in the Americas after they gained independence?
The Creole Bourgeoisie
Who led a series of revolts which spread from Argentina, across Chile, Uruguay and to the Viceroyalty of Peru?
General Jose de San Martin
Great Britain
After Simon Bolivar defeated the Spanish at Carabobo and Pichincha, he established which colony?
Gran Colombia, which is made up of present-day Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador
Why did Spain's economy suffer post Latin American independence? Give 2 reasons.
1. Spain lost it's monopoly over the American territories
2. The crown stopped receiving large amounts of riches from the Americas (including precious metals, colonial products and taxes)
Who sent American troops to America to end the revolts?
Fernando VII
Who wanted political and economic control of the colonies and an end on their trade dependence on Spain?
The Creole Bourgoisie
Cuba and Puerto Rico
What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823?
The USA warned Great Britain not to interfere with the newly independent Americas. However, British influence was gradually replaced by US influence.
Which U.S. President issued the Monroe Doctrine in 1823?
James Monroe