Pathogens
General Health
Safety Measures
Common Livestock Diseases
Other Animal Health
100

Most pathogens are ______________ (bacterium, virus, or fungus) and do NOT cause disease.

Microorganisms 

100

______ is a state of an individual living in complete harmony with its environment.

Health

100

_________ refers to a lack of genetic susceptibility

to a pathogen meaning the animal does not get sick when exposed to the microbe in question because of an inheritable trait.

Resistance

100

An insect-borne, viral disease. The virus is transmitted by biting midges (no-see-ums) it is not contagious from animal to animal. Infections range from mild to severe, depending on the species affected

Bluetongue

100

____________ presence of bacteria in what is normally sterile bodily tissue.

Infection:

200

A pathogen most commonly gains entrance into an animal via the ___________ ______________

mucus membranes

200

____________ is a condition in the individual animal

overtly shows bodily changes that are outside

the normal range for that species.

Disease

200

An ____________ is a serum blood protein that is produced by the body to fight the pathogen.

Antibody 

200

For sheep and goats, this affects them by having sores on their lips, muzzle and in the mouth. At times, they might get sore or scabs on their lower legs and the teats, especially when they are nursing.

Orf Virus

200

What is a well known example of a fungi found in livestock

ringworm 

300

Bacteria are ___________ meaning they lack a nuclei, mitochondria, or other cellular organelles.

prokaryotes

300

Symptoms are not disease; they are just an indication that a disease is potentially occurring. List three common symptoms that might occur in livestock in which would tell you something is not right

Sneezing

Lethargic

Stuffy/runny nose

red/watery eyes

fever 

diarrhea  


300

__________ is the ability of white blood

cells to fight a pathogen and is created

by actually having the disease. The immune system

“remembers” the pathogen and how to destroy it.

Immunity

300

Anthrax is an extremely infectious disease caused by bacteria. It is naturally occurring in the soil and affects both domesticated and wild animals. It is also capable of affecting humans who come in close contact with an infected animal. It is serous in both humans and animals. It is not contagious, meaning humans cannot get it from another human.

Anthrax

300

Infected animals can spread the virus by biting another animal or a person.

Rabies
400

______________ have organelles like a nuclei or mitochondria

Eukaryotes

400

injuries, poisons/chemicals, poor nutrition, birth defects, genetic disorders are all examples of __________ diseases

Noninfectious Diseases

400

Explain artificial or acquired immunity

Immunity acquired due to vaccination

400

This disease causes loss of young through spontaneous abortion or birth of weak offspring, reduced milk production, and infertility. 

Brucellosis

400

List two examples of helminths 

Roundworms

Tapeworms 

Flukes

500

There are six major kinds of pathogens that can cause infectious disease: 

Helminths

Prions

Protozoa 

and what are the other 3

Bacteria, viruses, and fungi

500

____________ is the ability of a pathogen to overcome the resistance of the host defenses

Virulence

500

Many factors affect the spread of disease by affecting the host, the environment, the pathogen, or all of the above. These include what 3(+) things

Overcrowding

Weather

Hygiene

Vectors (mice, mosquitoes, etc.)

500

A widespread disease caused by the bacteria Coxiella burnetii, which is able to infect mammals, birds, reptiles and arthropods. It causes a mild disease in ruminants, but can cause abortions and still births in cattle, sheep and goats

Q fever

500

 when blood vessels dilate due to bacteremia, causing hypotension (drop in blood pressure) and hypoperfusion (lack of blood flow through an organ).

Systemic Inflammatory Response (SIRS)

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