Name that Fallacy
Misrepresenting someone’s argument to make it easier to attack.
Straw Man
Ad Hominem
Attacking your opponent’s character/personal traits in an attempt to undermine their argument.
Use the bandwagon fallacy to convince Mr. Kawakami that ketchup is a vegetable.
Everyone at Del Mar believes ketchup is a vegetable, so you should too.
Saying that because an expert thinks something, it must be true.
BONUS: Which rhetorical appeal is this fallacy related to?
Appeal to Authority (Ethos)
False Induction
Presuming that a relationship between things means that one is the cause of the other.
Use the slippery slope fallacy to convince Mr. Kawakami that teachers should not assign homework.
If teachers continue to assign homework, the next thing you know, students will be dropping out of school and the whole public education system will cease to exist.
Claiming that if A happens, then Z will consequently happen too, therefore A should not happen.
Slippery Slope
Bandwagon
Validating your argument by explaining that many other people also believe your argument.
Use the false dichotomy fallacy to convince Mr. Kawakami that country music is the best type of music.
You either believe country music is the best type of music or you hate America.
Two alternatives are presented as the only possibilities, when in fact more possibilities exist
False Dichotomy
No True Scottman
Moving the goalposts or making up exceptions to the claim to dismiss relevant criticisms or flaws of an argument.
Use the passive voice fallacy to convince Mr. Kawakami that you deserve an A on an assignment that you didn't turn in.
I should receive on A on the assignment. Although no work was done on this assignment, in the past, I have shown excellent skill mastery.
Presenting a one-sided picture of the argument in order to make your argument seem more persuasive.
Observational Selection
Passive Voice
Using a sentence structure that makes the object of an action into the subject of a sentence.
Use the burden of proof fallacy to convince Mr. Kawakami that aliens live on Pluto.
How do you know aliens don't live on Pluto? You show me proof that there is no sign of life on Pluto, and then I'll believe you.