CAPITAL
What is the purpose of a pedigree?
to show the presence of a trait over generations
DNA is double stranded. What do we call it's single stranded cousin?
RNA
Albinism is caused by a deficiency in what protein?
melanin
What are the two phenotypes of mice that we have discussed?
light and dark furred
What kind of diagram is this?
Punnett Square
When reading a pedigree, what do the circles represent?
Female
During transcription DNA bases get changed to RNA bases. If C->G , G->C , and T->A , what does A->_?
U
Individuals with albinism will commonly experience problems with which of the five senses?
sight
When the ground turns dark, overtime the amount of dark mice will _____ (increase/ decrease). Why?
Increase; better camouflage
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Genotypes = letters
Phenotype = trait
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
3
Using your codon wheel, which amino acid would "GUC" code for?
Val
Is albinism a recessive or dominant trait?
recessive
Why are some mice light colored and some are dark colored?
random mutations
Is "Dd" a heterozygous or homozygous genotype?
heterozygous
How many carriers are present in this pedigree?
6 (not 8!)
silent
Explain how there can be multiple different types of albinism.
different melanin coding genes have mutations
In a patch of dark volcanic rock, which colored mouse would have a greater fitness?
dark colored
A TT (tall) plant was crossed with a tt (short) plant. What percentage of the offspring will be tall?
100%
What correction has to be made to this pedigree for it to be true?
Both of the parents have a be a carrier (half colored in)
Their are multiple types of mutations. What do you call one that shifts the frame of the codons?
frameshift
Name ONE of the FIVE genes that we learned about that a mutation of which could cause albinism,
TYR, OCA2, TYRP1, SLC45A2, or MC1R
How is natural selection occurring in rock pocket mice fur color?
mice that are better camouflaged in their environment have higher fitness