Thinking Definitions
Applied Thinking
Memory Definitions
Applied Memory1
Applied Memory2
100

A label or mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas and people

Concept

100

After seeing news reports about people losing their jobs, Burt started to believe that he was in danger of being laid-off, Burt started lying awake in bed each ight worrying that he was about to be fired. What was the problem with Burt's thinking?

availability heuristic

100

What is the memory process that locates stored information and returns it to consciousness

Retrieval

100

General knowledge that is not tied to the time when the information was learned is contained in _____ memory

semantic

100

You are driving down the street when you see a billboard displaying a phone number for a service you need. You keep repeating the number over and over so you won't forget it until you get home, where you can write it down. You do this to prevent the process of _____ from causing you to forget the number

Decay

200

a strategy that allows us to make judgements and solve problems efficiently

Heuristic
200

After spending 5 hours trying to solve an engineering problem, Jennifer finally gave up. As she was trying to fall asleep that night, a solution to the problem popped into her head. Jennifer's experience best illustrates

Insight

200

the ability to recall the last items in a series is called

recency effects

200

The average person can hold in short-term memory a list of

seven-items

200

Ryan can remember quite vividly the first time his dad took him out to learn how to ride a bike, because he didn't' use training wheels and took a nasty spill, scraping his knee badly. This would best be describe as a(n)______ memeory

Episodic

300

The tendency to think of an object only in terms of its typical use

functional fixedness

300

Burt really likes chocolate ice cream. It's his favorite type of ice cream. Each time he tries a different flavor ice cream, he always compares it to chocolate. Burt's love of chocolate ice cream would be considered his

prototype

300

Memory in which people recall events in great detail is called a 

flashbulb memory

300

ROYGBIV is  fictitious name people use to help them remember the orders of colors in the rainbow. ROYGBIV is an example of

a mnemonic device

300

Remembering what the word summer means requires _____ memory, while remembering what you did on July 4th, 2014 requires _____ memory

semantic;episodic

400

People rely on and believe information that is more popular or easily recalled and overlook information that is less common

Availability heuristic

400

Deuce is 6 feet 6 inches tall, weighs 225 pounds and is very muscular. If you think that Deuce is more likely to be a basketball player than a teacher, you are a victim of

the representativeness heuristic

400

Sad feelings that trigger memories of another sad time are an example of

state-dependent memory

400

What are the three stages of memory in order

sensory memory, short-term, long term memory

400

Jessica is trying to remember a lsit of nouns like table, camera, and gun. One way she does this is by repeatedly thinking about how useful each item would be if she were on vacation. Jessica is employing

elaborative rehearsal

500

A "typical" memory of a category, one with the most defining features of that category

Prototype

500

stockbrokers often believe that their own expertise will enable them to select stocks that will outperform the market average. This belief best illustrates...

Overconfidence

500

Studying for a test in the same room it will be held may result in a better grade because of

context-dependent memory

500

Cameron was trying to learn the new plays his basketball coach had devised for the team. Unfortunately, Cameron found that he was having trouble learning the new plays because he kept confusing with the places he had learned with his old coach last season. Cameron is experiencing _____ interference

Proactive

500

Burt B. Was in an accident that damaged his brain. Now he has lost his memory for all events occuring after his accident. Burt's accident resulted in

Anterograde amnesia

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