PHARYNX
This muscle is the entry to the esophagus, and is part of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor
Cricopharyngeus
What are three muscles that depress the velum?
-palatoglossus
-palatopharyngeal
-tensor veli palatini
The _____ muscles of the tongue are responsible for finer adjustment of tongue positioning within oral cavity.
intrinsic
The masseter is a mandibular ______
elevator
Is the lingual frenulum a muscle?
No
The primary muscles of the pharynx?
Superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles
The primary purpose of the velum is regulating _____________
regulating oral/nasal resonance thru the VP port
What are the 4 intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Superior longitudinal, inferior longitudindal, transverse and vertical
Elevators of the mandible include the masseter, the _____, and the _______
medial pterygoid and temporalis
Another word for velum is
soft palate
Action of pharyngeal muscles:
reduce the diameter of the pharynx and aid in swallowing
Name 3 velar phonemes
K, g, ŋ
What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Genioglossus, palatoglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus
Depressors of the mandible include the mylohyoid, the ________, _______, and _________
geniohyoid, digastricus, and lateral pterygoid (and mylohyoid)
insertion: sides of tongue dorsum
action: pulls side of tongue down
Hyoglossus tongue muscle, extrinsic
Effect of the pharyngeal muscles for speech
sounds can be made with the tongue dorsum or root retracted back towards the pharyngeal wall
When the velum is DOWN, sounds will be ____
Nasal
nasal cavity is coupled with the oral and pharyngeal cavity, VP port is open = sounds are nasal
The shape of the oral cavity is governed largely by the position of the tongue in the oral cavity, extrinsic muscles play a large part in positioning the tongue
True or false: vowels are made with an elevated mandible
False, depressed mandible. Consonants are made with an elevated mandible
These three parts make up the body of the tongue
Front, center and back of dorsum
This muscle lowers the velum and pulls it backwards, and narrows the pharynx
Palatopharyngeus
This muscle elevates the tongue OR depresses the velum
palatoglossus
Function of styloglossus
Pulls tongue BACK and up
The effect of mandibular movements on speech sounds?
elevated manible -- closed mouth -- consonants
depressed mandible -- open mouth -- vowels
What is the BIOlogical and NONbiological function of the tongue?
nonbio -- formulation of speech sounds