Describing Motion
The study of motion and forces
dynamics
An object that hangs from a fixed point and swings back and forth because of gravity
pendulum
p = mv
the momentum of an object
This is a sloping surface that allows an object to be raised without being lifted straight up
incline plane
IMA = 2πr/P
the ideal mechanical advantage of a screw
This branch of physics addresses the effects of forces on matter
mechanics
This type of friction affects a sliding object already in motion
kinetic friction
The product of an object's mass and velocity
momentum
This device is considered a circular lever and can be used to multiply distance, speed, or force
wheel and axle
The output distance of a screw
pitch (distance between two adjacent threads)
The distance an object travels per unit of time
speed
This type of friction affects stationary objects, preventing them from moving
static friction
SI unit of power
watt
This consists of a wheel over which a rope or cable passes
pulley
IMA = di / do
the general formula for mechanical advantage under ideal conditions
v = d/t
the measure of how quickly an object moves
Term for a falling object at which the force of air resistance equals the object's weight and stops the object from accelerating
terminal velocity
The space relative to which motion is measured
frame of reference
This is a combination of one more fixed pulleys and one or more movable pulleys
block and tackle
n = Wo / Wi
the measure of how well a machine converts input into output work
Any change in velocity
AND
The sum of two or more vectors
acceleration; resultant
Fkf = ukFW
the magnitude of kinetic friction force
This principle states that the velocity of an object does not change unless the object is acted upon by an external force
Newton's first law of motion
This simple machine is classified by the arrangement of the input arm, output arm, and fulcrum
lever
This simple machine is like an inclined plane that modifies the applied force and directs it to the side
AND
This represents any change in an object's position
wedge; displacement