Motor Development
What is motor development?
Progressive Change in movement behavior throughout the life cycle (birth to death)
What is pedagogy?
The study of teaching and learning in physical education/the academic field of study is located at the intersection between sport and education. As a discipline, sports pedagogy is concerned with learning, teaching, and instruction in sport, physical education, and related areas of physical activity.
How does exercise affect the brain?
Increase blood flow, enhance cognitive function, and boosts mood.
Give an example of a locomotor skill.
Running, jumping, hopping, skipping, etc.
Reduced cardiovascular disease, improves mental health, strengthens muscles, etc.
Name one characteristic of motor development.
Sequential, age-related, continuous, underlying processes.
Name two characteristics of a quality physical education program.
Reasonable class sizes, sequential curriculum, adequate equipment, meaningful instruction, etc.
What neurotransmitter is primarily released during exercise that helps with mood?
Dopamine.
Give an example of a non-locomotor skill.
Bending, twisting, swaying, etc.
What does a developmentally appropriate PE program focus on?
Skill progression based on the student's abilities and needs.
What are the three main types of fundamental movement skills?
Locomotor, non locomotor, manipulative.
What is the TPSR model?
Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility - a model integrating life skills into P.E
How can schools implement more physical activity for students?
PE programs, active recess. classroom movement breaks.
What is an example of a manipulative skill?
Throwing, catching, kicking, dribbling.
What are three domains of learning in physical education?
Cognitive, psychomotor, affective.
Define "constraints" in motor development.
Factors limiting or enabling movement include structural, functional, environmental, and task constraints.
What is one of the five levels of the TPSR model?
Respect, effort, self-direction, leadership, applying values outside the gym.
What is the link between exercise and academic performance?
Improved focus, memory, and cognitive function.
What is the purpose of movement concepts in PE?
To teach students spatial awareness, effort, and relationships in movement.
How can PE teachers support inclusive learning?
Differentiated instruction, adapted equipment, modified activities.
What is the difference between motor learning and motor control?
Motor learning is a relatively permanent skill improvement due to practice; motor control involves neural, physical, and behavioral aspects of movement.
Command, practice, reciprocal, self-check, inclusion.
What was the key finding from the Naperville study discussed in SPARK?
Students who participated in daily exercise performed better academically.
What are two movement concepts related to effort?
Time, force, flow.
What is one strategy for managing student behavior in PE?
Clear expectations, structured routines, positive reinforcement.