Musculoskeletal Disorders
True or False:
osteoarthritis is an autoimmune disorder that is characterized by chronic joint pain that may be unilateral
FALSE
OA is the progressive degenerative deterioration and loss of cartilage in one or more joints
2 supplements that need to be stopped prior to this scan
Vitamin D
Calcium
Fracture most commonly seen in children due to soft bones?
greenstick
Two differences between OA and RA
OA: progressive degenerative deterioration and loss of cartilage in one or more joints
- Chronic joint pain and stiffness
- may have unilateral pain
- Pain decreases after rest and worsens with activity
- Crepitus (popping, clicking, or crackling sound in joint)
- Herbeden’s nodes: closest to the end of the fingers and toes
- Bouchard’s nodes: middle joints of fingers or toes
RA: chronic, progressive autoimmune connective tissue disorder primarily affecting synovial joints
- Morning stiffness; pain at rest or after immobility
- Bilateral joint inflammation with decreased range of motion
- Warmth, redness and edema of affected areas
- Encourage physical activity to maintain joint mobility
- Complementary therapies (hypnosis, acupuncture, music)
Name a disorder in which halo traction is used
Scoliosis
Kyphosis
Basilar invagination (the top of the spine pushes into the base of the skull)
Fracture most commonly seen in cases of physical abuse?
Spiral
What are the names of the nodes that may develop with OA and where are they located on the hand
Heberden: closest to the end of the fingers
Bouchard: middle joints of fingers
In this type of traction, surgery is needed to insert pins into the affected extremity which is then supported in a splint
Balanced suspension skeletal traction
Essential vitamin for calcium absorption?
Vitamin D
Explain what thoracic kyphosis is and with what disease this is associated with
Thoracic kyphosis (excessive curvature of the thoracic spine that can create a rounded upper back)
Found in people with osteoporosis
Bone Scan:
- needs a radioactive substance
- can see entire skeletal system
- can detect tumors, unexplained bone pain and osteoporosis
DEXA Scan:
- measures bone mineral density for diagnoses of osteopenia and osteoporosis
- have loose fitting clothes, no jewelry, no vitamin D or calcium 48 hours before
Measures to reduce risk of orthopedic injuries?
Calcium
weight bearing exercise