Atoms to acids
A scientist observes that a substance tastes sour, reacts with metal to produce gas, and releases H⁺ ions in water. Based on these observations, which conclusion is most accurate?
The substance is an acid because it demonstrates all the characteristic properties of acids
In a tug-of-war competition, both teams pull with equal force on the rope. According to Newton's Third Law, what should happen?
Both teams experience equal and opposite forces, so the rope remains stationary if forces are truly equal
True or false: Phenotype is determined by an organism's genetic material.
True.
An organism’s phenotype (its observable characteristics) is determined by its genetic material, although environmental factors can also influence it.
What is a stimulus? Give one example.
State two differences between sound waves and light waves.
If you wanted to identify whether an unknown solution is strongly acidic, weakly acidic, or neutral, which tool would be most useful and why?
A universal indicator, because it shows color changes that reveal the strength of acidity or alkalinity
According to Newton's First Law of Motion, a soccer ball rolling across a field will eventually stop because:
Friction and air resistance are forces acting against the ball's motion
What is the molecule that contains the instructions for an organism's development and functioning?
DNA
Name the five main human senses and the organ linked to each sense.
Describe how sound waves travel through a medium.
A base and an acid are mixed together in a beaker. The resulting solution is neutral and contains water and a salt. What does this tell us about the amounts of acid and base that were combined?
Equal or balanced amounts of acid and base were mixed together
A student pushes a shopping cart with a force of 50 Newtons, and the cart accelerates. If the student doubles the force to 100 Newtons while keeping the cart's mass the same, what will happen to the cart's acceleration according to Newton's Second Law?
The acceleration will double
How are genes, chromosomes, and DNA related in determining inherited traits?
What is the difference between sensation and perception?
Explain the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves.
A student mixes vinegar (an acid) with baking soda (a base) and observes fizzing and the production of a new substance. How does this observation support the concept of neutralisation?
It demonstrates that when an acid and base combine, they produce new substances including water and a salt
A student measures the distance a paper airplane travels as 15 meters, but the airplane actually flies in a curved path that covers 18 meters. Why are these measurements different?
Distance measures the total path traveled, while displacement measures the straight-line change in position
Explain the difference between genotype and phenotype.
Explain how receptors help the body respond to changes in the environment.
List the colours of visible light in order from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength.
When equal amounts of a strong acid and strong base are mixed, why does a solution become neutral?
The H⁺ and OH⁻ ions react in a 1:1 ratio to form water, leaving only a salt dissolved in water
Explain what Newton’s First Law of Motion says about the movement of an object.
An object stays still or keeps moving at a constant speed in a straight line unless an unbalanced force acts on it.
Describe what chromosomes are and explain their role in inheritance
Describe the pathway of information from a sense organ to the brain.
Explain why light can travel through space but sound cannot.