Ruminant Digestive system
Digestive System
Nutrients
Feed Stuffs
Misc.
100

this is nicknamed many folds 

omasum 

100

two types of ways to break down nutrients 

chemical: chemically breaking it down, (HCl, bile, enzymes, libase, peptidases) 

mechanical: chewing and contractions 

100

this nutrient has 16% nitrogen in it 

protein

100

TND

total digestible nutrients 

estimate of energy 

100

example of protein feeds

SBM

fish meal

blood meal

distiller products

200

true stomach of the ruminant 

abomasum 

200

contents of the stomach 

chyme (partially digested food + stomach acid)

HCl acid 

mucus 

enzymes (pepsin) 

200

this much more energy is in fats compared to carbs 

2.25x

200

energy is first used for 

maintenance 

200

ways of processing corn and their byproducts 

wet - corn gluten & syrup 

dry - distillers & ethanol 

300

what is the Ph of the rumen 

6

300

2 types of absorption 

passive: movement of molecules from high concentrations to low concentrations

Active: villi engulf molecules, actively transporting them into the bloodstream or lymphatic system

300

deficiency of Ca

rickets 

osteomalacia 

300

ad libitum 

all you want (buffet style) 

300

what type of nutrient breakdown happens in the stomach

mechanical - contractions

chemical - HCl

400

function of the rumen & reticulum 

fermentation vat. 

rumen (lined with papillae). 

reticulum (honeycomb structure) 

digest cellulose  

symbiotic relationship with microbes 

400

this absorbs most of the water

large intestine 

400

Vitamin A benefits 

visual pigments in the eyes 

important for your eyes 

maintains body lining 

400

this is the percent of your cost that goes towards feed stuffs 

60-70%

400

veins vs arteries 

veins - to the heart 

arteries - away from the heart 

500

this is the esophageal groove 

milk bypasses rumen and is shuttled to the abomasum in a nursing ruminant 

500

the sphincter that divides the stomach and small intestine

pyloric sphincter 

500

3 most limiting amino acids 

lysine 

methionine 

tryptophan 

500

hypertrophy vs hyperplasia 

hypertrophy - increase in size of fibers 

hyperplasia - increase in number of fibers 

500

how is a ruminants mouth different from a  monogastric 

teeth and lips 

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