Acronyms
Cuts
Breaks and Burns
Treatment
Details
100

What does the acronym DR ABC stand for?

Danger
Response

Airways
Breathing
CPR

100

What is an incision?

Clean cut / Slash

100

What are the 4 types of breaks?

Open, Closed, Complicated, Greenstick

100

How do you treat small cuts and bruises?

Clean them out with clean water (irrigation), dry and dress

100

What is the difference between a bandage and a dressing?

Bandages go over the dressing and are sometimes used for sprains and anything that is not an open wound.

Dressings go straight on top of the wound and on open wounds.

200

What does the acronym AED stand for?

Automatic External Defibrillator 

200

What is a puncture?

Stab - embedded objects may stick out

200

What are the 5 types of burns?

Dry, Wet, Chemical, Electrical, UV

200

How do you treat a burn?

Run under cold, non-static water and do not bandage. Can wrap with clingfilm.

200

Where do you place AED pads for a child and an adult?

Adult: one over (victim's) left peck and one under their right peck, slightly to the side
Child: one on the middle of the chest, one on the middle of back

300

What does the acronym AVPU stand for?

Alert
Verbal
Pressure
Unconscious

300

What is a laceration?

Unclean cut / Tear

300

If a burn blisters, what degree of burn is it?

2nd Degree Burn

300

How do you treat breaks and dislocations?

Breaks - Leave them as they are as to not worsen the pain or the wound. Pad and support it.

Dislocations - Do not pop it back in. Pad / Strap it if possible.

300
What are the three types of blood vessels? (+ Description)

Capillaries - blood trickles out. Small, on the surface, control temperature.

Veins - blood oozes out. Darker blood, lower pressure than arteries, lower than capillaries but closer to the surface than arteries.

Arteries - blood gushes out. Strong red, highest pressure and found on the insides of limbs, in the neck and deeper in the body.

400

What does the acronym PAPP stand for?

Prevent (further) harm
Alleviate pain
Preserve a life
Promote Recovery

400

What is an abrasion?

Graze / burn - mainly from falling

400

What should you not use on a burn and why?

Oils, lotions, creams, moisturisers.
They trap heat in.

400

How do you treat sprain and strains? (+ Acronym?)

Rest
Ice (not directly on skin)
Compress
Elevate (stop blood pooling)

400

What are the parts of a Secondary Survey?

Wearing gloves, constantly looking for medical tags and constantly narrating what you are doing:

Go from Top to Toe - Head -> Shoulders -> Pelvis -> Sides of Legs -> Insides of Legs -> Feet

500

What does the acronym CPR stand for?

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

500

What is a contusion?

Bruise - may cause internal bleeds

500

Which layer of the skin does a 3rd degree burn reach?

Hypodermis / Subcutaneous tissue

500

When can CPR be an issue?

Tracheostomies (laryngectomy) / windpipe opening (stoma)
Air in stomach
Confined space
Broken ribs
Fluid in airways
Chest does not rise
Spinal injury

500

In CPR, how many compression and rescue breaths do you do to an adult, drowned adult, child and infant? (+ How deep and how fast?)

Adult: 30 compressions, 2 rescue breaths (5-6 cm, both hands)
Drowned: 5 rescue breaths, 30 compressions, 2 rescue breaths (5-6 cm, both hands)
Child: (5 rescue breaths,) 30 compressions, 2 safety breaths (3-4 cm, 1 hand)
Infant: (5 rescue breaths,) 30 compressions, 2 safety breaths (2-3 cm, 2 fingers)

100-120 bpm

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