Brain Regions
This hemisphere of the brain is known for language, speech, analytical thinking, and logical reasoning.
Left Hemisphere
This disorder is characterized by distractibility, impulsivity, mood swings, short temper, and difficulties in planning.
ADHD(attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder)
Uses magnetic field to read average image of brain over a short span of time in seconds
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
This rule, from Donald Hebb, is often summarized as “neurons that fire together wire together.”
The Hebb rule
This term refers to a simplified representation of reality that helps programmers think about and solve problems.
A mental model
The cortex consists of this number of lobes.
Four
Patients with left hemispatial neglect can only percieve this side of their environment.
Right side.
Non-invasively measures brain's surface-level electrical emissions
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
This type of declarative memory deals with personal experiences tied to a specific time and place
Episodic memory
These stored mental frameworks (sometimes called “scripts”) let us handle routine events (like going to a restaurant) by predicting typical sequences of actions.
Schemas
This lobe is where visual information begins to undergo more extensive processing.
Occipital lobe
This structure is responsible for our overall arousal level and is involved in sustaining our attention over time.
Reticular activating system (RAS)
Tracks brain blood flow by injecting dye into patient and counts positrons generated from isotopes
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan
This is when a person cannot form new memories after an injury, old memories stay, but new ones don’t stick.
Anterograde Amnesia
According to Norman and Shallice, this slip happens when a well-practiced routine takes over in the wrong setting.
Capture error
The part of the brain that is responsible for a number of higher-order cognitive abilities.
Cortex
This part of the brain is essential for converting short term memories into long term memories.
Hippocampus
Patient wears a helmet to generate a video recording of their brain activity with better resolution than fMRI and EEG
Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
This principle, discovered by Karl Lashley, states that memory traces are widely distributed rather than localized in just one spot of the cortex.
Equipotentiality
According to Norman and Shallice, this higher-level system can override automatic routines in order to handle new or difficult tasks.
Supervisory Attentional System (SAS)
This brain structure is dorsal and anterior to the superior colliculus and receives inputs from the RAS and forwards them to the cortex.
Thalamus
The inability to remember information acquired prior to the damage-inducing event.
Retrograde Amnesia
Uses light from a blade to project surface image to camera, measures activity in a snapshot of a given moment
Knife-Edge Scanning Microscope (KESM)
These subcortical structures are essential for skill learning (procedural memory) and habit formation.
Basal ganglia
In Stuss and Benson’s framework, this highest-level process monitors progress, detects errors, and can change strategies when solving a problem.
Metacognitive system