Nuclear Fusion/Fission
Nuclear Chemistry
Nuclear Decay
Effects of Nuclear Reactions
Decay Equations
100
The splitting apart of breaking up of U-235 is defined as what?
Nuclear Fission
100
What are the 3 types of radiation that we talked about in class?
Alpha, beta, gamma
100
What is something that is always emitted in alpha radiation?
A helium nucleus or an alpha particle
100
What is one beneficial use of radiation?
Radiation therapy, radiotracing, carbon dating
100
What is the atomic number of the new isotope produced after radon undergoes alpha decay?
84
200
Two atoms that combine together and release a ton of energy in the process is defined as what?
Nuclear Fusion
200
List the types of decay in order of penetrating power (greatest to least).
Gamma, beta, alpha
200
What is an alternative name for a beta particle (-)?
An electron
200
What is something Radiologists wear when taking an x-ray? Why can't they just wear their scrubs?
Lead apron. Cannot just wear scrubs because x-rays can penetrate through fabric. They cannot penetrate lead.
200
What is the mass number of Uranium-235 after it undergoes alpha decay?
231
300
Both Fission and Fusion reactions release massive amounts of what in addition to their respective atomic nuclei?
Energy
300
The atomic symbol includes two numbers: atomic mass and atomic number. What does the atomic mass number tell you?
How many protons and neutrons an atoms nucleus contains.
300
What is the charge of an alpha particle?
+2
300
Name 3 ways they tried to "clean up" Chernobyl.
Scraping off the surface radiation, burring radioactive material in trenches, washing off machinery, killing animals, etc.
300
What two things are produced if carbon-14 undergoes beta decay (-)?
Nitrogen-14 and an electron
400
What subatomic particle is primarily responsible for causing chain reactions involved in fission?
Neutrons!
400
In chemical reactions, electrons are responsible for the new products. What subatomic particles are at play in nuclear reactions?
All of them. Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
400
What happens to the mass number in beta radiation? What happens to the atomic number in beta radiation?
Stays the same. Goes up by one.
400
What is critical mass?
The minimum amount of fissile material needed to maintain a self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction
400
What changes about an atom if it is only undergoing gamma decay?
Nothing. Gamma rays have no charge or mass.
500
Explain how fusion in the sun works.
Hydrogen-1,2,3 atoms fuse together over time and release energy in the form of heat and light and will eventually emit a helium as a product.
500
Compare the strengths of the strong force and the electromagnetic force in an element that is actively undergoing radioactive decay.
Electromagnetic force > strong force when something is decaying.
500
Describe why in alpha radiation the mass number decreases by 4 and the atomic number decreases by 2
2 protons + 2 neutrons = Change in mass of 4
2 protons = Change in atomic number of 2
500
If the control rods in a nuclear reactor are completely withdrawn, what would happen to the reactor? What state would the reactor reach?
The fission would increase exponentially and the reactor would be in a supercritical state.
500
Explain why in beta radiation the mass number changes by 0 and the atomic number increases by 1
Neutron gets changed into a proton and an electron. Proton mass = neutron mass so it doesn't change, but atomic number does change because protons increased.